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Stanford University

Stanford Microfluidics Laboratory

Journal Publications

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Selected recent publications

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Capacitive deionization (CDI)

Ramachandran, A., Hemmatifar, A., Hawks, S. A., Stadermann, M., & Santiago, J. G., (2018) . Self similarities in desalination dynamics and performance using capacitive deionization. Water Research

Supplementary information available here.

Oyarzun, D. I., Hemmatifar, A., Palko, J. W., Stadermann, M., & Santiago, J. G., (2018) . Adsorption and capacitive regeneration of nitrate using inverted capacitive deionization with surfactant functionalized carbon electrodes. Separation and Purification Technology

Supplementary information available here.

Palko, J. W., Oyarzun, D. I., Ha, B., Stadermann, M., & Santiago, J. G., (2018) . Nitrate removal from water using electrostatic regeneration of functionalized adsorbent. Chemical Engineering Journal

Supplementary information available here.

Qu, Y., Campbell, P. G., Hemmatifar, A., Knipe, J. M., Loeb, C. K., Reidy, J. J., Hubert, M. A., Stadermann, M., & Santiago, J. G., (2018) . Charging and Transport Dynamics of a Flow-Through Electrode Capacitive Deionization System. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B

Supplementary information available here.

Hemmatifar, A., Oyarzun, D. I., Palko, J. W.,Hawks, S. A., Stadermann, S., & Santiago, J. G., (2016) . Equilibria model for pH variations and ion adsorption in capacitive deionization electrodes. Water Research

Supplementary information available here.

Qu, Y., Campbell, P. G., Gu, L., Knipe, J. M., Dzenitis, E., Santiago, J. G., & Stadermann, M. (2016). Energy consumption analysis of constantvoltageandconstant current operationsin capacitivedeionization. Desalination, 400, 18-24

Supplementary information available here.

Hemmatifar, A., Palko, J. W., Stadermann, M., & Santiago, J. G. (2016). Energy breakdown in capacitive deionization. Water Research, 104, 303-311

Supplementary information available here.

Hemmatifar, A.; Stadermann, M.; Santiago, J. G. Two-Dimensional Porous Electrode Model for Capacitive Deionization. J. Phys. Chem. C 2015.

Supplementary information available here.

Qu,Y., Baumann, T.F., Santiago, J.G., and Stadermann, M. “Characterization of Resistances of a Capacitive Deionization System,” Environmental Science & Technology, 2015.

Supplementary information available here.

Suss,M.E., Biesheuvel, P.M., Baumann, T.F., Stadermann, M., and Santiago, J.G.“In Situ Spatially and Temporally Resolved Measurements of Salt Concentration between Charging Porous Electrodes for Desalination by Capacitive Deionization,” Environmental Science & Technology 2014, 48, 2008-2015.

Supplementary information available here.

Suss,M.E., Baumann, T.F., Worsley, M.A., Rose, K.A., Jaramillo, T.F., Stadermann, M., and Santiago, J.G.“Impedance-based study of capacitive porous carbon electrodes with hierarchical and bimodal porosity” Journal of Power Sources 2013, 241, 266-273.

Supplementary information available here.

Suss, M. E., Baumann, T.F., Bourcier, W.L., Spadaccini, C.M., Rose, K.A., Santiago, J.G., and Stadermann, M., “Capacitive desalination with flow-through electrodes,” Energy and Environmental Science 2012, 5, 9511-9519.
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On-chip isotachophoresis (ITP)

Ramachandran, A., Huyke, D.A., Sharma, E., Sahoo, M.K., Banaei, N., Pinsky, B.A., Santiago, J. G., "Electric-field-driven microfluidics for rapid CRISPR-based diagnostics and its application to detection of SARS-CoV-2," Preprint, under peer review. 2020.

Eid, C., Santiago, J. G., "Isotachophoresis applied to biomolecular reactions", Lab on a Chip 2018.

Eid, C., Santiago, J. G., "Assay for Listeria monocytogenes cells in whole blood using isotachophoresis and recombinase polymerase amplification", The Analyst 2017.

Eid, C., Santiago, J. G., "Influx and Production Rates in Peak-Mode Isotachophoresis", Analytical Chemistry 2016.

Eid, C., Palko, J. W., Katilius, E., Santiago, J. G., "Rapid SOMAmer-based detection of C-reactive Protein using isotachophoresis and an ionic spacer", Analytical Chemistry 2015.

Supplementary information available here.

Qu, Y., Marshall, L. A., Santiago, J. G., “ Simultaneous Purification and Fractionation of Nucleic Acids and Proteins from Complex Samples Using Bidirectional Isotachophoresis,” Analytical Chemistry 2014

Supplementary information available here.

Shkolnikov, V., Santiago, J. G., “ Coupling Isotachophoresis with Affinity Chromatography for Rapid and Selective Purification with High Column Utilization, Part 1: Theory,” Analytical Chemistry 2014, 86, 6220-6228.

Supplementary information available here.

Shkolnikov, V., Santiago, J. G., “ Coupling Isotachophoresis with Affinity Chromatography for Rapid and Selective Purification with High Column Utilization, Part 2: Experimental Study,” Analytical Chemistry 2014, 86, 6229–6236

Supplementary information available here.

Han, C.M., Katilius, E., Santiago, J. G., “ Increasing hybridization rate and sensitivity of DNA microarrays using isotachophoresis,” Lab on a Chip 2014

Supplementary information available here.

Garcia-Schwarz, G., Santiago, J. G., “ Rapid High-Specificity microRNA Detection Using a Two-stage Isotachophoresis Assay,” Angewandte Chemie 2013,52,1-5.

Supplementary information available here.

Eid, C., Garcia-Schwarz, G., Santiago, J. G., “Isotachophoresis with ionic spacer and two-stage separation for high sensitivity DNA hybridization assay,” Analyst 2013.

Bahga, S. S., Santiago, J. G., “Coupling isotachophoresis and capillary electrophoresis: a review and comparison of methods,” Analyst 2013.

Bahga, S. S., Han, C. M., Santiago, J. G., “Integration of rapid DNA hybridization and capillary zone electrophoresis using bidirectional isotachophoresis,” Analyst 2013, 138, 87-90.

Bahga, S. S., Bercovici, M., Santiago, J. G., “Robust and high-resolution simulations of nonlinear electrokinetic processes in variable cross-section channels,” Electrophoresis 2012, 33, 3036-3051.

Marshall, L. A., Wu, L. L., Babikian, S., Bachman, M., Santiago, J. G., “Integrated Printed Circuit Board Device for Cell Lysis and Nucleic Acid Extraction,” Analytical Chemistry 2012, 84, 9640-9645.

Bercovici, M., Han, C. M., Liao, J. C., Santiago, J. G., “Rapid hybridization of nucleic acids using isotachophoresis,”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 2012.

Supplementary information available here.

Shkolnikov, V., Bahga, S.S., Santiago, J. G., “Desalination and Hydrogen, Chlorine, and Sodium Hydroxide Production via Electrophoretic Ion Exchange and Precipitation,”
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2012, DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42121f

Supplementary information available here.

Garcia-Schwarz, G., Santiago, J. G., “ Integration of On-Chip Isotachophoresis and Functionalized Hydrogels for Enhanced-Sensitivity Nucleic Acid Detection,” Anal. Chem. 2012.

Supplementary information available here.

Rogacs, A., Qu, Y., and Santiago, J. G., “Bacterial RNA Extraction and Purification from Whole Human Blood Using Isotachophoresis,” Anal. Chem. 2012.

Bahga, S. S., and Santiago, J. G., “Concentration Cascade of Leading Electrolyte Using Bidirectional Isotachophoresis,” Electrophoresis 2012, 33, 1048-1059.

Garcia-Schwarz, G., Rogacs, A., Bahga, S. S., and Santiago, J. G., “On-chip Isotachophoresis for Separation of Ions and Purification of Nucleic Acids,” Journal of Visualized Experiments 2012, 61, e3890.

Click here to watch video.

Marshall, L. A., Han, C. M., and Santiago, J. G., “Extraction of DNA from Malaria-Infected Erythrocytes Using Isotachophoresis,” Analytical Chemistry 2011, 83, 9715-9718.

M. Bercovici, G.V. Kaigala, K.E. Mach, C.M. Han, J.C. Liao and J.G. Santiago, “Rapid Detection of Urinary Tract Infections Using Isotachophoresis and Molecular Beacons,” Analytical Chemistry 2011, 83, 4110-4117.

S.S. Bahga, R.D. Chambers, and J.G. Santiago, “Coupled Isotachophoretic Preconcentration and Electrophoretic Separation Using Bidirectional Isotachophoresis,” Analytical Chemistry 2011.

Supplementary information available here.

G. Garcia-Schwarz, M. Bercovici, L.A. Marshall, and J.G. Santiago, “Sample dispersion in isotachophoresis,”
Journal of Fluid Mechanics 2011, 679, 455-475.

Supplementary information available here.

A. Persat, and J.G. Santiago, “MicroRNA Profiling by Simultaneous Selective Isotachophoresis and Hybridization with Molecular Beacons,” Analytical Chemistry 2011, 83, 2310-2316.

S.S. Bahga, G.V. Kaigala, M. Bercovici and J.G. Santiago, “High-sensitivity detection using isotachophoresis with variable cross-section geometry ” Electrophoresis 2010.

Supplementary information available here.

A. Persat, R.R. Chivukula, J.T. Mendell and J.G. Santiago, “Quantification of global microRNA abundance by selective isotachophoresis ” Analytical Chemistry 2010.

Supplementary information available here.

G.V. Kaigala, M. Bercovici, M. Behnam, D. Elliott, J.G. Santiago, and C.J. Backhouse, “Miniaturized device for isotachophoresis assays,” Lab on a Chip 2010. 10, 2242-2250.

Supplementary information available here.

S.S. Bahga, M. Bercovici, and J.G. Santiago, “Ionic strength effects on electrophoretic
focusing and separations,” Electrophoresis 2010, 31, 910–919.

Supplementary information available here.

M. Bercovici, G.V. Kaigala, and J.G. Santiago, “Method for Analyte Identification Using Isotachophoresis and a Fluorescent Carrier Ampholyte Assay,” Analytical Chemistry, 2010.

Supplementary information available here.

M. Bercovici, G.V. Kaigala, C.J. Backhouse, and J.G. Santiago, “Fluorescent Carrier Ampholytes Assay for Portable, Label-Free Detection of Chemical Toxins in Tap Water,” Analytical Chemistry, 2010.

Supplementary information available here.

A. Persat, L.A. Marshall, and J.G. Santiago, “Purification of Nucleic Acids from Whole Blood Using Isotachophoresis,” Analytical Chemistry, vol. 81, 2009, pp. 9507-9511.

Supplementary information available here.

Persat A., and Santiago J.G., “Electrokinetic control of sample splitting at a channel bifurcation using isotachophoresis,” New Journal of Physics, vol. 11, 2009, p. 075026.  
Schoch R.B., Ronaghi M., and Santiago J.G., “Rapid and selective extraction, isolation, preconcentration, and quantitation of small RNAs from cell lysate using on-chip isotachophoresis,” Lab on a Chip, vol. 9, pp. 2145-2152, 2009.
Chambers R. D. and Santiago J.G., "Imaging and Quantification of Isotachophoresis Zones Using Nonfocusing Fluorescent Tracers," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 81, pp. 3022-3028, 2009.
Khurana T.K. and Santiago J.G. , “Effects of carbon dioxide on peak mode isotachophoresis: Simultaneous preconcentration and separation,” Lab on a Chip, vol. 9, 2009, pp. 1377-1384.  

Bercovici M., Lele S.K., and Santiago J.G. , “Open source simulation tool for electrophoretic stacking, focusing, and separation”, Journal of Chromatography A, 1216, pp. 1008-1018, 2009.

Download SPREESSO here.

Khurana T., and Santiago J.G., “Sample Zone Dynamics in Peak Mode Isotachophoresis” 80, 16, Analytical Chemistry, pp. 6300-6307, 2008.

Supplementary information available here.

Khurana T., and Santiago J.G., “Pre-Concentration, Separation, and Indirect Detection of Non-Fluorescent Analytes using Fluorescent Mobility Markers” 80, 1, Analytical Chemistry, pp. 279-286,2008.

Supplementary information available here.

Jung B., Zhu Y., and Santiago J.G., "Detection of 100 attomolar Fluorophores Using a High Sensitivity On-Chip CE System and Transient Isotachophoresis," Analytical Chemistry, 79, 1, p. 345-349, 2007.

Supplementary information available here.

Jung, B., Bharadwaj, R., Santiago, J.G., "On-Chip Million-Fold Sample Stacking Using Single-Interface Isotachophoresis," 78, 7, Analytical Chemistry, pp. 2319-2327, 2006.

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Electrophoretic preconcentration techniques (non-ITP)

Huber D.E., and Santiago J.G. , “Ballistic Dispersion in Temperature Gradient Focusing,” 464, 2091,p.595-612, Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 2007.

Devasenathipathy S., Bharadwaj R., Santiago J.G., “Investigation of internal pressure gradients generated in electrokinetic flows with axial conductivity gradients,” 43, 6, Experiments in Fluids, p.959-967, 2007.

Huber D.E., and Santiago J.G., “Taylor-Aris dispersion in temperature gradient focusing ,” 28, 14, Electrophoresis, p. 2333-2344, 2007.

Bharadwaj, R. and J.G. Santiago, "Dynamics of Field Amplified Sample Stacking," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 543, 57-92, 2005.

Herr, A.E., J.I. Molho, K.A. Drouvalakis, J.C. Mikkelsen, P.J. Utz, J.G. Santiago, and T.W. Kenny, “On-Chip Coupling of Isoelectric Focusing and Free Solution Electrophoresis for Multi-Dimensional Separations,” Analytical Chemistry, 75, 5, pp. 1180-1187, 2003.

Alexis-Alexandre, G., B. Mohammadi, J.G. Santiago, and R. Bharadwaj, “Microfluidic Flow Simulations: Stacking One-Dimensional Study,” Houille Blance-Revue Internationale De Leau, 5, pp. 18-23, 2003.

Jung, B., R. Bharadwaj, and J.G. Santiago, “Thousand-Fold Signal Increase using Field Amplified Sample Stacking for On-Chip Electrophoresis,” Electrophoresis, 24, 19-20, pp. 3476-3483, 2003

 

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General work on optimizing on-chip electrokinetic flows and electrophoresis

Persat, A., & Santiago, J. G. (2016). An Ohmic model for electrokinetic flows of binary asymmetric electrolytes. Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science

A. Rogacs and J.G. Santiago, “Temperature Effects on Electrophoresis” Analytical Chemistry 2013, 85, 5103-5113

Supplementary information available here.

D. Milanova, R.D. Chambers, S.S. Bahga and J.G. Santiago, “Effect of PVP on the electroosmotic mobility of wet-etched glass microchannels” Electrophoresis 2012, 33, 3259-3262.

D. Milanova, R.D. Chambers, S.S. Bahga and J.G. Santiago, “Electrophoretic mobility measurements of fluorescent dyes using on-chip capillary electrophoresis” Electrophoresis 2011, 32, 3286-3294.

Persat A., Chambers R.D., and Santiago J.G., “Basic principles of electrolyte chemistry for microfluidic electrokinetics. Part I: Acid-base equilibria and pH buffers,” Lab on a Chip, vol. 9, 2009, pp. 2437-2453.

Supplementary information available here.

Persat A., Suss M.E., and Santiago J.G. , “Basic principles of electrolyte chemistry for microfluidic electrokinetics. Part II: Coupling between ion mobility, electrolysis, and acid-base equilibria,” Lab on a Chip, vol. 9, 2009, pp. 2454-2469.  

Lin, H., B.D. Storey and J.G. Santiago, “A depth-averaged electrokinetic flow model for shallow microchannels,” 608, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, p. 43-70, 2008.

Nohmi, M. and JG Santiago, “Quick Measurement of Electroosmotic Flow Velocity,” Lab on a Chip, Chips & Tips, March 2008.

Lin, F., F. Baldessari, R. Chambers, C. Crenguta Gyenge, T. Sato, J.G. Santiago, E.C. Butcher, Lymphocyte Electraxis in vitro and in vivo,“ in press, Journal of Immunology, 2007.

Persat, A., T. Zangle, J. Posner, and J. Santiago “Chips & Tips: On-chip Electorphoresis Devices: Do’s, Don’ts, and Dooms,” Lab on a Chip, Chips & Tips, March 2007.

Santiago, J.G., “Comments on the Conditions for Similitude in Electroosmotic Flows,” 310, 2, p. 675-677, Journal of Colloids and Interface Science, 2007.

Matta, A., O.M. Knio, R.G. Ghanem, C.-H. Chen, J.G. Santiago, B. Debusschere, and H.N. Najm, “Computational Study of Band Crossing Reactions,” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 13, 2, pp. 310-322, 2003.

Oddy, M. and J.G. Santiago, "Alternating Electric Field Measurements of Particle Zeta-Potentials in a Microchannel," Journal Colloid and Interface Science, 269, pp. 192-204, 2004

 

Mohammadi, B. and J.G. Santiago, “Incomplete Sensitivities in Design and Control of Fluidic Channels,” Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, 10, pp. 201-210, 2003

Bharadwaj, R., J.G. Santiago, and B. Mohammadi, "Design and Optimization of On-Chip Capillary Electrophoresis," Electrophoresis, 23, pp. 2729-2744, 2002

Mohammadi, B., Molho, J.I., and J.G. Santiago, “Incomplete sensitivities for the design of minimal dispersion fluidic channels,” Computer Method in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 192, 37-38, pp. 4131-4145, 2002

Mohammadi, B. and J.G. Santiago, “Simulation and Design of Extraction and Separation Fluidic Devices,” Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis, 35, 3, pp. 513-523, 2002

Santiago, J.G., "Electroosmotic Flows in Microchannels with Finite Inertial and Pressure Forces, "Analytical Chemistry, 73, 10, pp. 2353-2365, 2001

Molho, J.I., A.E. Herr, B.P. Mosier, J.G. Santiago, T.W. Kenny, R.A. Brennen, G.B. Gordon, B.Mohammadi, “Optimization of Turn Geometries for On-Chip Electrophoresis,” Analytical Chemistry, 73, 6, pp. 1350-1360, 2001

Herr, A.H., J.I. Molho, J.G. Santiago, M.G. Mungal, T.W. Kenny, and M.G. Garguilo, "Electroosmotic Capillary Flow with Non-Uniform Z-Potential," Analytical Chemistry, 72, 5, pp. 1053-1057, 2000

 

 

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Fuel Cells

T. Fabian, R. O'Hayre, S. Litster, F. Prinz, and J. Santiago, “Passive water management at the cathode of a planar air-breathing proton exchange membrane fuel cell,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 195, May. 2010, pp. 3201-3206.
D.G. Strickland and J.G. Santiago, “In situ-polymerized wicks for passive water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 195, 2010, pp. 1667–1675.  
T. Fabian, R. O'Hayre, S. Litster, F.B. Prinz, and J.G. Santiago, “Active water management at the cathode of a planar air-breathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell using an electroosmotic pump,” Journal of Power Sources, 195, 3640–3644, 2010.
S. Litster, C.R. Buie, and J.G. Santiago, “Engineering model for coupling wicks and electroosmotic pumps with proton exchange membrane fuel cells for active water management,” Electrochimica Acta, vol. 54, 2009, pp. 6223–6233.  
Buie C.R. and Santiago J.G., “Two-phase hydrodynamics in a miniature direct methanol fuel cell,” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, vol. 52, Oct. 2009, pp. 5158-5166.  
Litster S. and Santiago J.G., “Dry gas operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells with parallel channels: Non-porous versus porous plates,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 188, Mar. 2009, pp. 82-88.
Strickland, D.G., S. Litster, and J.G. Santiago, "Current Distribution in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell with Active Water Management," 174, pp. 272-281, Journal of Power Sources, 2007.
Fabian, T. R. O'Hayre, F.B. Prinz, and J.G. Santiago, “Measurement of Temperature and Reaction Species in the Cathode Diffusion Layer of a Free-Convection Fuel Cell,” J. Electrochem. Soc. 154, B910, 2007.
Buie, C. R., D. Kim, S. Litster and J.G. Santiago, “An Electroosmotic Fuel Pump for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.,” Electrochemical and Solid State Letters, 10, 11, pp. B196-B200, 2007.
Litster, S., C.R. Buie, T. Fabian, J.K. Eaton and J.G. Santiago, "Active Water Management for PEM Fuel Cells," 154, 10, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, pp. b1049-b1058, 2007.
O’Hayre, R., T. Fabian, S. Litster, F.B. Prinz, and J.G. Santiago, “Engineering Model of a Passive Planar Air Breathing Fuel Cell Cathode,” 167, 1, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, p. 118-129, May 2007.
Buie, C.B., Posner, J.D., Fabian, T., Cha, S.W., Kim, D., Prinz, F.B., Eaton, J.K., and Santiago, J.G., “Water Management in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells using Integrated Electroosmotic Pumping,” Vol., 161, 1, Journal of Power Sources, p. 191-202, 2006.
Fabian, T., Posner, J.D., O'Hayre, R., Cha, S.W., Eaton, J.K., Prinz, F.B., Santiago, J.G.,"The role of ambient conditions on the performance of a planar, air-breathing hydrogen PEM fuel cell", Journal of Power Sources, Volume 161, 1, pp. 168-182, October 2006

 

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Nanochannel Electrokinetic Flows and Assays

M. E. Suss, T. F. Baumann, W. A. Worsley, K. A. Rose, T. F. Jaramillo, M. Stadermann, J. G. Santiago, “Impedance-based study of capacitive porous carbon electrodes with hierarchical and bimodal porosity,” Journal of Power Sources 2013, 241, 266-273.

Supplementary information available here.

M. E. Suss, T. F. Baumann, W. L. Bourcier, C. M. Spadaccini, K. A. Rose, J. G. Santiago, M. Stadermann, “Capacitive desalination with flow-through electrodes,” Energy and Environmental Science 2012, 5, 9511-9519.
T.A. Zangle, A. Mani, and J.G. Santiago, “Effects of Constant Voltage on Time Evolution of Propagating Concentration Polarization,” Analytical Chemistry 2010, 82, 3114-3117.
F. Baldessari and J.G. Santiago, “Corrigendum to "Electrokinetics in nanochannels. Part I. Electric double layer overlap and channel-to-well equilibrium" [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 325 (2008) 526-538],” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 331, Mar. 2009, p. 549.
F. Baldessari and J.G. Santiago, “Corrigendum to "Electrokinetics in nanochannels. Part II. Mobility dependence on ion density and ionic current measurements" [J. Colloid Interface Sci. 325 (2008) 539-546],” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 331, Mar. 2009, p. 550.  
T.A. Zangle, A. Mani, and J.G. Santiago, “Theory and experiments of concentration polarization and ion focusing at microchannel and nanochannel interfaces,” Chemical Society Reviews, 2010, 39, 1014–1035.
T.A. Zangle, A. Mani, and J.G. Santiago, “On the Propagation of Concentration Polarization from Microchannel−Nanochannel Interfaces Part II: Numerical and Experimental Study,” Langmuir, vol. 25, Mar. 2009, pp. 3909-3916.  
Supplementary information available here.
A. Mani, T.A. Zangle, and J.G. Santiago, “On the Propagation of Concentration Polarization from Microchannel−Nanochannel Interfaces Part I: Analytical Model and Characteristic Analysis,” Langmuir, vol. 25, Mar. 2009, pp. 3898-3908.
Pennathur, S., F. Baldessari, M. Kattah, J. Steinman, P.J. Utz, and J.G. Santiago, “Free-Solution Oligonucleotide Separation in Nanoscale Channels,“ 79, 21, Analytical Chemistry, p.8316-8322, 2007.
Baldessari, F. and J.G. Santiago, "Electrophoresis in nanochannels: brief review and speculation," 4, 12 Nanobiotechnology Journal, doi 10.1186/1477-3155-4-12, 2006.
Pennathur, S. and Santiago, J.G. “Electrokinetic transport in nanochannels: 1. Theory,” 77, 21, Analytical Chemistry, pp. 6772-6781, 2005.
Pennathur, S. and Santiago, J.G. “Electrokinetic transport in nanochannels: 2. Experiments,” 77, 21, Analytical Chemistry, pp. 6782-6789, 2005.

 

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Micromixing and Electrokinetic Instabilities

D.A. Huyke, A. Ramachandran, D.I. Oyarzun, T. Kroll, D.P. DePonte, and J.G. Santiago “On the competition between mixing rate and uniformity in a coaxial hydrodynamic focusing mixer” Analytica Chimica Acta, 1:10, 2019.
B. Ivorra, M.R. Ferrández, M. Crespo, J.L. Redondo, P.M. Ortigosa, J.G. Santiago and A.M. Ramos “ Modelling and optimization applied to the design of fast hydrodynamic focusing microfluidic mixer for protein folding ” Journal of Mathematics in Physics, 8:4, 2018.
B. Ivorra, J.L. Redondo, J.G. Santiago, P.M. Ortigosa, and A.M. Ramos “ Two- and three-dimensional modeling and optimization applied to the design of a fast hydrodynamic focusing microfluidic mixer for protein foldi” AIP Physics of Fluids, 25, 2013.
J.D. Posner, C.L. Perez, and J.G. Santiago, “ Electric fields yield chaos in microflows,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), 2012.
H. Lin, B.D. Storey, and J.G. Santiago, “A depth-averaged electrokinetic flow model for shallow microchannels,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 608, 2008.  

Ivorra, B., Redondo, J. L., Ramos, A., M., & Santiago, J. G. (2016). Design sensitivity and mixing uniformity of a micro-fluidic mixer. Physics of Fluids

Hertzog, D.E., B. Ivorra, B. Mohammadi, O. Bakajin, and J.G. Santiago, “Optimization of a Fast Microfluidic Mixer for Studying Protein Folding Kinetics,” Analytical Chemistry, 78, 13, p.4299-4306, 2006.
Posner, J.D. and Santiago, J.G., "Convective Instability of Electrokinetic Flows in a Cross-Shaped Microchannel, " 555, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, pp. 1-42, 2006.
Ivorra, D.H., Hertzog, B. Mohammadi, B., J.G. Santiago, “Semi-deterministic and Genetic Algorithms for Global Optimization of Microfluidic Protein Folding Devices,” 66, 2, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, p. 319-333, 2006.
Oddy, M.H., and J.G. Santiago, “A Multiple-Species Model for Electrokinetic Instability,” Vol.17, 6,Physics of Fluids, 2005.
Chen, C.-H., Lin, H., Lele, S.K. & Santiago, J.G., "Convective and absolute electrokinetic instability with conductivity gradients", Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 524, pp. 263 – 303, 2005.
Hertzog, D.E., X. Michalet, M. Jager, X. Kong, J. Santiago, S. Weiss, and O. Bakajin, "Femtomole Mixer for Microsecond Kinetic Studies of Protein Folding," Analytical Chemistry, 76, 24, 2004.
Storey, B.D., B.S. Tilley, H. Lin, and J.G. Santiago, "Electrokinetic Instabilities in Thin Microchannels," Physics of Fluids, 17, 1, p.1922-1935, 2004.
Lin, H., Storey, B., M. Oddy, Chen, C.-H., and J.G. Santiago, “Instability of Electrokinetic Microchannel Flows with Conductivity Gradients,” Physics of Fluids, 16, 6, 2004
Oddy, M.H., J.G. Santiago, and J.C. Mikkelsen, "Electrokinetic Instability Micromixing," Analytical Chemistry, 73, pp. 5822-5832, 2001
Liu, R. H., K. V. Sharp, M. G. Olsen, M. Stremler, J. G. Santiago, R. J. Adrian, H. Aref, D. J. Beebe, "Passive Mixing in a Three-Dimensional Serpentine Microchannel," Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 9, 2, pp. 190-197, 2000

 

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Particle Control, Tracking and Diagnostics

Agonafer, D. D., Lopez, K., Palko, J. W., Won, Y., Santiago, J. G., & Goodson, K. E. (2015) Burst behavior at a capillary tip: Effect of low and high surface tension. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

A.Rogacs, J.G. Santiago, "Particle Tracking and Multispectral Collocation Method for Particle-to-Particle Binding Assays", Analytical Chemistry 2013,10.1021

Supplementary information available here.

V.Shkolnikov, J.G. Santiago, "A method for non-invasive full-field imaging and quantification of chemical species", Lab on a Chip 2013,10.1039

Supplementary information available here.

K.A. Rose, B. Hoffman, D. Saintillan, E.S.G. Shaqfehand J.G. Santiago, "Hydrodynamic interactions in metal rodlike-particle suspensions due
to induced charge electroosmosis, Physical Review E 79, 011402, 2009.
Piorek, B., S.J. Lee, M. Moskovits, S. Banerjee, J.G. Santiago, and C. Meinhart, “Microfluidic Control of Nanoparticle Aggregation for Surfaced Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy,” 104, 48, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science Journal, p.18898-18901, 2007.
Rose, K.A., J.A. Meier, G.M. Dougherty, and J.G. Santiago, “Rotational Electrophoresis of Striped Metallic Microrods,” Physics Review E – Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics, 75, 1, 2007.
Huber, D.E. and Santiago, J.G., “Temperature Gradient Focusing in a Microfluidic Device,” Journal of Heat Transfer, 127, 8, pp. 806, 2005.
Devasenathipathy, S., J.G. Santiago, S.T. Wereley, and C.D. Meinhart, "Particle Tracking Techniques for Microfabricated Fluidic Systems," Experiments in Fluids, 34, 4, pp. 504-513, 2003
Mosier, B.P., J.I. Molho, and J.G. Santiago, "Bleached-Fluorescence Imaging of Microflows," Experiments in Fluids, 33, 4, pp. 545-554, 2002
Devasenathipathy, S., J.G. Santiago, and K. Takehara, "Particle Tracking Techniques for Electrokinetic Microchannel Flows," Analytical Chemistry, 74, 15, pp. 3704-3713, 2002
Meinhart, C.D., S.T. Wereley, and J.G. Santiago, "A PIV Algorithm for Estimating Time-Averaged Velocity Fields,” Journal of Fluids Engineering, 122, 2, pp. 285-289, 2000
Meinhart, C.D. , S.T. Wereley, and J.G. Santiago, "PIV Measurements of a Microchannel Flow,"Experiments in Fluids, 27, 5, pp. 414-419, 1999
Santiago, J.G. , S.T. Wereley, C.D. Meinhart, D.J. Beebe, and R.J. Adrian, "A Particle Image Velocimetry System for Microfluidics," Experiments in Fluids, 25, 4, pp. 316-319, 1998

 

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Microscale heat and mass transfer

Terzis, A., Ramachandran, A., Wang, K., Asheghi, M., Goodson, K.E., Santiago, J.G. “High-Frequency Water Vapor Sorption Cycling Using Fluidization of Metal-Organic Frameworks.” Cell Reports Physical Science 2020, 1, 100057.

Palko, J. W., Lee, H., Zhang, C., Dusseault, T. J., Maitra, T., Won, Y., Agonafer, D. D., Moss, J., Houshmand, F., Rong, G., Wilbur, J. D., Rockosi, D., Mykyta, I., Resler, D., Altman, D., Asheghi, M., Santiago, J. G., & Goodson, K. E. (2017) Extreme Two-Phase Cooling from Laser-Etched Diamond and Conformal, Template-Fabricated Microporous Copper. Advance functional materials.

Palko, J. W., Zhang, C., Wilbur, J. D., Dusseault, T. J., Asheghi, M., Goodson, K. E., & Santiago, J. G. (2015) Approaching the limits of two-phase boiling heat transfer: High heat flux and low superheat. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS

Suss, M. E., Mani, A., Zangle, T. A., Santiago, J. G., “Electroosmotic pump performance is affected by concentration polarizations of both electrodes and pump,” Sensors and Actuators A 2011, 165, 310-315.

S. Litster, M.E. Suss and J.G. Santiago,“A two-liquid electroosmotic pump using low applied voltage and power,” Sensors and Actuators A 2010, 163, 311-314.

Supplementary information available here.

V. Shkolnikov, D.G. Strickland, D.P. Fenning and J.G. Santiago, “Design and fabrication of porous polymer wick structures, ” Sensors and Actuators B 2010, 150, 556-563.

Supplementary information available here.

V. Shkolnikov, J. Ramunas and J.G. Santiago, “A self-priming, roller-free, miniature, peristaltic pump operable with a single, reciprocating actuator , ” Sensors and Actuators A 2010, 160, 141-146.

Supplementary information available here.

D.G. Strickland, M.E. Suss, T.A. Zangle, and J.G. Santiago, “Evidence shows concentration polarization and its propagation can be key factors determining electroosmotic pump performance,” Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2009.  
Kim, D., J.D. Posner, and J.G. Santiago, “High Flow Rate per Power Electroosmotic Pumping using Low Ion Density Solvents,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 141, pp. 201-212, 2008.
Lin, C.W., S. Yao, J.D. Posner, A.M. Meyers, and J.G. Santiago, “Toward Orientation Independent Design for as Recombination in Closed-Loop Electroosmotic Pumps,” v.128, no.1, p.334-339, Sensors and Actuators B, 2007.

Kenny, T.W., Goodson, K.E., Santiago J.G., Wang, E., Koo, J.-M., Jiang, L., Pop, E., S. Sinha, S. Zhang, L., Fogg, D. et al. “Advanced cooling technologies for microprocessors,” International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems, March 2006, 16, 1, p. 301-313.

Yao, S., Myers, A.M, Posner, J.D., Rose, K.A., and Santiago, J.G., “Electroosmotic Pumps Fabricated from Porous Silicon Membranes,” 15, 3, Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, pp. 717-728, 2006.

Wang, E.N., Devasenathipathy, S., Lin, H., Hidrovo, C.H., Santiago, J.G., Goodson, K.E., and Kenny T.W., "A Hybrid Method for Bubble Geometry Reconstruction in Two-Phase Microchannels," 40, 6, Experiments in Fluids, p. 847-858, 2006.

Tripp, J.A., F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, S. Zeng, J.C. Mikkelsen, and J.G. Santiago, “High-Pressure Electroosmotic Pumps Based on Porous Polymer Monoliths,” Sensors and Actuators B, 99, pp. 66-73, 2004
Wang, G.R., J. G. Santiago, M.G. Mungal, B. Young, S. Papademetriou, “A laser-induced cavitation pump," Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 14, 7, pp. 1037-1046, 2004.
Wang, E.N., Devasenathipathy, S., Lin, H., Hidrovo, C.H., Santiago, J.G., Goodson, K.E., and Kenny, T.W., "Nucleation and growth of vapor bubbles in a heated silicon microchannel,"  Journal of Heat Transfer, 126, p. 497, 2004.
Laser, D. and J.G. Santiago, “A Review of Micropumps,” Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 14, 6, 2004
Yao, S. and J.G. Santiago , “Porous Glass Electroosmotic Pumps: Theory, ” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 268, pp. 133-142, 2003
Yao, S., D.E. Hertzog, S. Zeng, J.C. Mikkelsen, and J.G. Santiago , “Porous Glass Electroosmotic Pumps: Design and Experiments,” Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 268, pp. 143-153, 2003
Chen, C.-H. and J.G. Santiago, “A Planar Electoosmotic Micropump,” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 11, No.6, pp. 672-683, 2002
Jiang, L., J.C. Mikkelsen, J.-M. Koo, D. Huber, S. Yao, L. Zhang, P. Zhou, Maveety, R. Prasher, J.G. Santiago, T.W. Kenny, and K.E. Goodson, "Closed-Loop Electroosmotic Microchannel Cooling System for VLSI Circuits," IEEE Transactions on Components & Packaging Technologies, 25, 3, pp.347-355, 2002
Zhang, L., J.M. Koo, L. Jiang, M. Ashegi, K.E. Goodson, J.G. Santiago, T.W. Kenny, "Measurements and Modeling of Two-Phase Flow in Microchannels with Nearly Constant Heat Flux Boundary Conditions,” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 11, 1, pp. 12-19, 2002
 Zeng, S., J.G. Santiago, J.-R. Chen, R.N. Zare, F. Svec, J.M.J. Frechet, "Electroosmotic Flow Pumps with Polymer Frits," Sensors and Actuators B, 82, Nos. 2-3, pp. 209-212, 2001
Zeng, S., C.-H. Chen, J. C. Mikkelsen, J.G. Santiago, "Fabrication and Characterization of Electroosmotic Micropumps," Sensors and Actuators B, 79, pp. 107-114, 2001
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