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*x*                                                                     *x*
*x*            Copyright (C) 1995 University of Pennsylvania            *x*
*x*                                                                     *x*
*x*    The data in this file are part of a preliminary version of the   *x*
*x*    Penn Treebank Corpus and should not be redistributed.  Any       *x*
*x*    research using this corpus or based on it should acknowledge     *x*
*x*    that fact, as well as the preliminary nature of the corpus.      *x*
*x*                                                                     *x*
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FILENAME:	2585_1110_1071
TOPIC#:		344
DATE:		910412
TRANSCRIBER:	JKP
UTT_CODER:	lsh
DIFFICULTY:	4
TOPICALITY:	1
NATURALNESS:	1
ECHO_FROM_B:	1
ECHO_FROM_A:	2
STATIC_ON_A:	1
STATIC_ON_B:	1
BACKGROUND_A:	1
BACKGROUND_B:	5
REMARKS:        Excessive distracting background noise on B speaker side 
of conversation (children talking, appliances running, etc.)

=============================================================================
  

fp          A.1 utt1:  Hello. /  

fp          @B.2 utt1:  Hello <laughter>.  /
sd^t           @B.2 utt2: [ I was, + I was ]  thinking about our topic for the night <laughter>.  {F Um, } immigration problems.  /
sd          @B.2 utt3:   We have immigration problems  /
qo          @B.2 utt4: {C and } what [ do, + do ] you think about it? <laughter>. /  

sv          A.3 utt1:  <Laughter>  {D Well, } I think it's a very, very complicated, /  

b          B.4 utt1:  # Huh.  # /  

sd          A.5 utt1:  # {C and } # I sort of, [ I + ]  see perspectives on all sides.  /
sd          A.5 utt2: {F Um, } {C and }  I've [ re-, have + ] no hope for solutions.  /
sd          A.5 utt3: {C But, } {F uh, }  I do keep myself somewhat abreast of the issue.  /
sd          A.5 utt4:  I have worked [ with, + {F uh, } {F uh, }  a little bit with ] refugees from,   

x          B.6 utt1:  # <Child_laughing>.  #   

+          A.7 utt1:  # Southeast # Asia, {F uh, } who've come over.  {F Uh, } {D you know, } to escape the genocide programs that are over there.  /
sd          A.7 utt2:   And [ seen, + ] {D you know, } heard about some of the problems that they've had./
sd          A.7 utt3:  {C And } I'm also fairly  sensitive to the issues about how open should the borders be.  /
sd          A.7 utt4: {C Because } I,  in general, like a smaller rather than a larger population,   

b          B.8 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

+          A.9 utt1:  to the land area. /  

b          B.10 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

sd          A.11 utt1:  {C And, } {F uh, }   

qw          B.12 utt1:  Where are you? /  

+          A.13 utt1:  I'm in California,   

%          B.14 utt1:  # {D See, } # -/  

+          A.15 utt1:  # which # has a lot of immigration.  Probably more than any where else in the country, though I'm not sure if that's the case. /  

sd          B.16 utt1:  {D Well, } we've got a lot too.  /
sd          B.16 utt2:  I'm in Texas. /  

b          A.17 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.17 utt2: yeah. /  

sd          B.18 utt1:  In Garland, right outside of Dallas. /  

b          A.19 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.19 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.20 utt1:  {C So, } we're getting a large <sigh>, - /
h          B.20 utt2: {F oh, }  gosh,  I don't know,  /
sd          B.20 utt3: I think there's {D like } twenty-six different languages now,  that are spoken in [ I, + the I S D. ] Dallas Innercity School District. /  

b          A.21 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.21 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.22 utt1:  <Laughter> Cambodians, {F uh, } Asians, Vietnamese. - /
sd          B.22 utt2:    [ We, + we're ] getting a lot of, {F uh, } Mexican Americans,  /
sd          B.22 utt3: {D you know, } we've had,   

b          A.23 utt1:  # Yeah. # /  

+          B.24 utt1:  # those # for a long time. /  

b          A.25 utt1:  Sure,  /
sd          A.25 utt2: {D well, } Texas,   

x          B.26 utt1:  # <Child>.  #   

+          A.27 utt1:  # used # to be part of Mexico, or most of it <laughter>. /  

aa          B.28 utt1:  Yes,  /
aa          B.28 utt2: {F oh, } yes.  /
t3          B.28 utt3:  <<Speaking to child in background>> No,  /
t3          B.28 utt4: I'm busy right now, Steven.  /
sd          B.28 utt5:  Steven wants me to do popcorn right now. /  

b          A.29 utt1:  # Huh.  # /  

t3          B.30 utt1:  # <Child_talking> # <<Speaks to child>> Okay.  /
sd          B.30 utt2:  {C And } I don't know what the solution is. /  

sd          A.31 utt1:  [ I, + I ] don't either.  /
sv          A.31 utt2: It's a really  delicate, {F uh, } moral, issue.  /
%          A.31 utt3:  {C Because, } [ i-, + if ] you have, {D well, } - /
sd          A.31 utt4: I guess the one thing I do  see [ that is, + is that ] needs to be a solution is, that if you do let people into  the country, I do feel you have a certain obligation [ to, +   

^2          B.32 utt1:  # To get them on their, # -/  

+          A.33 utt1:  # to ] get them on their # feet. /  

b          B.34 utt1:  Yeah. /  

sv          A.35 utt1:  {C Because } otherwise what you're doing is you're  letting people in  /
sv          A.35 utt2: {C and } [ you're, + you're ] dooming them to being underclass people. /  

b          B.36 utt1:  Right, /  

sv          A.37 utt1:  {D You know, } you're dooming them to ghetto life or whatever.  /
sd          A.37 utt2:  {C And } I know [ that, + that ] the Southeast Asians, the Hmong people  that I've done some work with, {F uh, } feel very quite hurt [ and, + and ]  unsure of themselves when here.  /
sd          A.37 utt3: {C Because } they're coming [ from, + {D you know, } from ] the slash and  burn intercultural society, {D you know, }  /
sd          A.37 utt4:  they're coming from the middle ages, basically.  /
sd          A.37 utt5: {C And } they're being [ plunked down, + plunked down ] into America.  /
sd          A.37 utt6:   Many of them had been promised by the C I A, during the war over there, that because they  co-operated with the C I A, and they helped the C I A  out, that when they came here, the C I A would help establish them in America,  /
sd          A.37 utt7: {C and } the C I A, of course,  isn't doing that. /  

%          B.38 utt1:  {F Um. } /  

sd          A.39 utt1:  {C And, } {F uh, } <throat_clearing> {C so } they come  here  /
sd          A.39 utt2: {C and } they don't know [ wh-, + what ] the heck they're doing.  /
sd          A.39 utt3:  {C And } they're finding themselves  adrift in the big cities.  /
sv          A.39 utt4: {C And, } of course, there are people in the  big cities who would [ do, + ] like nothing better than to take advantage of them. /  

b          B.40 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

sd          A.41 utt1:  {C And } [ they're, + they're ]  incredible victims of crime.  /
sd          A.41 utt2: {C And } part of it is this [ lack of, +   

x          B.42 utt1:  # <Child_crying>.  #   

+          A.43 utt1:  # lack # of ] basic information, being  (( dissimilated )) .  /
sd          A.43 utt2:  {C And } I'm not saying it's easy to do,  /
sd          A.43 utt3: {C and } I know there are a few people  who are trying,  /
sd          A.43 utt4: [ {C but, } + {C but } ] the funding isn't there for very much work to be going on. /  

sd          B.44 utt1:  {C And } there's a lot of graft, like people [ trying to  tell them, + ] {F oh, } giving them information that was free to them anyway  if they just knew how to get it. /  

aa          A.45 utt1:  {F Uh, } yeah,  /
aa          A.45 utt2: exactly.  /
%          A.45 utt3:  Y-, - /
%          A.45 utt4: ha-, -/  

b          B.46 utt1:  # Yeah. # /  

sd          A.47 utt1:  # {E I # mean, } these are people who don't have the foggiest idea about what America's like. /  

b          B.48 utt1:  Right. /  

%          A.49 utt1:  {F Um, } {C and } it's, - /
%          A.49 utt2: ver- - /
%          A.49 utt3: it's, - /
sd          A.49 utt4: [ I, + I ]  couldn't really conceptualize how hard it was to understand that [ until I, + until I ]  met with them.  /
sd          A.49 utt5: {C And } I realized that, [ they, + ] some of the information  that I just, {D you know, }   don't even realize and know is information, they don't have.  /
sd          A.49 utt6:  {C And } I never thought,  {D well, }  I guess that is something you need to know, {D you know. }  /
sd          A.49 utt7:   People getting into trouble because they come here,  /
sd          A.49 utt8: {C and so } they start farming on, {F uh, }  available land, {D you know. } Like the median strips on freeways because no   one's using it.  /
sd(^q)       A.49 utt9:  {C But } then someone comes along and says you can't do that, {D you know. }  /
qh          A.49 utt10:  Why can't they?  /
sd          A.49 utt11: They have no idea why not, [ some, + some ]  of them, {D you know. }  /
sd          A.49 utt12:  The ones that have been here longer and have been in, {D you know, } understand now.  /
sd          A.49 utt13:  {C But } when they initially come over, -/  

qy          B.50 utt1:  You mean,  really trying to plant something?  /
br          B.50 utt2: That's what you're saying? /  

ny          A.51 utt1:  Yeah, /  

qy          B.52 utt1:  Farming? /  

sd          A.53 utt1:  'cause they're farmers.  /
sd          A.53 utt2: These,   

b          B.54 utt1:  # Oh.  # /  

+          A.55 utt1:  # are # all farmers coming over,  /
sd          A.55 utt2: {C and } they're being put in the middle of the city <breathing>. /  

ba          B.56 utt1:  <breathing> {F Oh } that's terrible. /  

sd          A.57 utt1:  {E I mean } they're nomadic farmers, {D you know, }  /
sd          A.57 utt2:  they're people who farm on the hillside and then leave the hillside to another hillside and  farm on that hillside. /  

b          B.58 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

sd          A.59 utt1:  These are people who've never seen flat ground before and people who've never seen property rights before.  {D You know, } these  people who've never seen any machines other than those used in war.  /
%          A.59 utt2:   {C And, } {F uh, } they have, {D you know. } - /
sd          A.59 utt3: {C So }  [ [ I, + I, ] + I ] do have a lot of sympathy for them,  /
sd          A.59 utt4:  {C and } I feel that America could try a little bit harder [ to, + to ]  help people adjusting to the American way.  /
sv          A.59 utt5:  {C Because } if they don't, [ you're just going to produce, + {D you know, } you're going to produce ] an underclass, {D you know. }  /
sv          A.59 utt6: You're going to get a  situation that I think a lot like what happened to the blacks,  being sort of led out of slavery  /
sd          A.59 utt7: {C and } [ {C then, } +  {C then } ] many of them ended up just working the  same jobs they were as slaves then.  /
sd          A.59 utt8:  {C And } there was no,   

bf          B.60 utt1:  # And not being cared for.  # -/  

+         A.61 utt1:  # real [ up,  + upward ]  movement.  /
%          A.61 utt2: {C And, } # not being, {D you know, } -/  

aa          B.62 utt1:  Yeah.  /
aa          B.62 utt2:  That's true. /  

%          A.63 utt1:  {F Um, } /  

qw          B.64 utt1:  {D Well, } what did you do when you helped these people? /  

%          A.65 utt1:  {D Well, } -/  

qw          B.66 utt1:  # [ How did you, + what did you ]  do,  /
%          B.66 utt2: tru-, # -/  

sd          A.67 utt1:  # [ I, + I ] wasn't helping them.  /
sd          A.67 utt2:   I worked with # them, not to help them, but  <laughter>  for my own purposes./
sd          A.67 utt3:   [ I'm, + I'm ] a linguist  /
sd          A.67 utt4: {C and } I was, {F uh, } [ doing a language, + trying to learn their language, ] a little bit.  /
sd          A.67 utt5:   {C And } I actually, {F um, } {E I mean, }  helped [ them + them ] in the sense that they received  money for working with me.  /
sd          A.67 utt6: {C But } [ [ I didn't, + I didn't, ] + I wasn't ]  a social worker or anything like that. /  

bk          B.68 utt1:  All right. /  

sd          A.69 utt1:  I do have friends who have tried to do more,   

b          B.70 utt1:  # Uh-huh  /
x          B.70 utt2: <child_laughing>.  #   

+          A.71 utt1:  # social work, #    

b          B.72 utt1:  # Uh-huh. # /  

+          A.73 utt1:  # {D you # know, } by explaining to people how the language,   

x          B.74 utt1:  # <Child>.  #   

+          A.75 utt1:  # and # what the problems learning  English might be and such. /  

b          B.76 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

sd          A.77 utt1:  {C Because } all the models of teaching English are based on teaching English to Spanish speakers or to other European language speakers.  /
sd           A.77 utt2:   {C And } people don't realize how different some of the languages they speak are. /  

sd          B.78 utt1:  {D Well, } I'm an E S L teacher. /  

bh          A.79 utt1:  {F Oh, } you are? /  

ny          B.80 utt1:  Yes. /  

b          A.81 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
%          A.81 utt2: {D well } you, -/  

sd          B.82 utt1:  <Laughter> I got my certification.  /
sd          B.82 utt2:  {C But } {D actually }  they did not teach us very many things about how really to go about  helping people to learn another language </child>. /  

sd          A.83 utt1:  [ That's, + that's ] been my impression. /  

sd          B.84 utt1:  {E I mean, } it's like people don't know, # what they say, # /  

aa          A.85 utt1:  # Yeah.  /
sd          A.85 utt2:  [ [ It's, + it's ] # not, + they're not ]  withholding information, /  

sd          B.86 utt1:  it's not step for step. /  

sd          A.87 utt1:  they just don't have that information. /  

b          B.88 utt1:  Yeah  /
x          B.88 utt2: <laughter>.   

sd          A.89 utt1:  # [ They, + they ] haven't the foggiest idea.  # /  

sd          B.90 utt1:  # {C But } {D anyway, } I enjoy it.  /
%          B.90 utt2:   [ They, + #  they, ] - /
sd          B.90 utt3: the kids I've worked with so far have been Spanish speaking. /  

b          A.91 utt1:  Yes. /  

%          B.92 utt1:  {C And } <cough>. -/  

sv          A.93 utt1:  # {C And } Spanish is, #   

sd          B.94 utt1:  # {C but } I'm applying # for, -/  

+          A.95 utt1:  pretty close to English, really. /  

br          B.96 utt1:  What?  /
aa          B.96 utt2: Yeah,  /
sv          B.96 utt3: it is. /  

sv^r          A.97 utt1:  {C And } Spanish is a lot like English. /  

sv          B.98 utt1:  A lot of our words are the same, /  

b          A.99 utt1:  # Yeah. # /  

sv          B.100 utt1:  # {D like, } # {D you know, }   

aa          A.101 utt1:  # Yeah,  /
aa          A.101 utt2: yeah. # /  

+          B.102 utt1:  # they just # change the pronunciation a little bit. /  

b          A.103 utt1:  Yeah. /  

sd          B.104 utt1:  {C But, } I love it.  /
sd           B.104 utt2: I love the culture, {F uh, }  the way that [ they, + {F uh, } they ] respect education and their teachers --   

b          A.105 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.105 utt2: uh-huh. /  

+           B.106 utt1:  -- their parents, so much more than, than my children do.    

b          A.107 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.107 utt2: uh-huh. /  

+          B.108 utt1:  <Talking> {D You know, }  /
sd          B.108 utt2: {C and } I like it.  /
sd          B.108 utt3:   {C And } what I've been thinking about doing is volunteering for this, {F uh, } Asian  center that, a Doctor Falk has started, that works with the school district. /  

b          A.109 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

sd          B.110 utt1:  And [ doing what, + ]  trying to get them set up, [ in-, + inculturated, ]   

b          A.111 utt1:  # Uh-huh. # /  

+          B.112 utt1:  # into # the system. /  

b          A.113 utt1:  # Uh-huh. # /  

sd          B.114 utt1:  # I # thought that would be good experience for me. /  

sv          A.115 utt1:  {F Oh, } I'm sure it would. /  

sd          B.116 utt1:  {C And, } I've applied at another district where  many of the children are Asian. /  

b          A.117 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.117 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.118 utt1:  {C And } I think that would be wonderful too. /  

aa          A.119 utt1:  Yeah,  /
sv          A.119 utt2: it would be a good experience,  /
sv          A.119 utt3:  {C and } you'd be helping people, I'm sure.  /
sv          A.119 utt4: Very much.  /
sd          A.119 utt5: [ {C And } n-, + {C and } ] {E I mean, } [ not to put, +  not to ] trivialize the problems of any immigrant group but I do know the Asian groups   are having a lot of trouble.  /
sv           A.119 utt6:  {E I mean, } {C and } part of the problem is  that, a lot of Chinese and Japanese immigration from, {D you know, } decades ago  has been very successful because they valued education and so forth. /  

b          B.120 utt1:  Right. /  

sv          A.121 utt1:  They became a very successful immigrant group.  /
sv          A.121 utt2:   [ [ {C But, } + {C and, } ] + {C but } ] a lot of people coming over from Vietnam, right now, coming from  worn torn countries, [ are, + are ] [ na-, + not ] having the same success.  /
sv(^q)       A.121 utt3:   I think some people have just assumed, {D well, } [ why, + why ] can't you be successful?  /
^q          A.121 utt4:  The Japanese were, or the Chinese were, or something.  /
sv          A.121 utt5:  {C And } it's really much more complicated. /  

sv          B.122 utt1:  {D Well, } the times were different too. /  

aa         A.123 utt1:  Yeah,  /
b^m          A.123 utt2: the times are different, {D yeah. } /  

sd          B.124 utt1:  My neighbor, {A let's see, } is Jewish.  /
sd          B.124 utt2:   {C And } he's going through [ the, + {A I don't know, } the ]  Jewish League or something.    

b          A.125 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

+          B.126 utt1:  And helping a family that's come over from Russia. /  

b          A.127 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.127 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.128 utt1:  {C And } he spends, - /
sd          B.128 utt2: {D well, } right now,  he's down to {D like } once a week,  /
sd          B.128 utt3: {C but } he was going over there several times a week to be with the family,   

b         A.129 utt1:  # Uh-huh. # /  

+          B.130 utt1:  # and # help them with the language.  /
sd          B.130 utt2: {C And } he thoroughly enjoyed it. /  

b          A.131 utt1:  {F Oh, } yeah.  /
sv          A.131 utt2:  [ I, + I ]  think it's a wonderful thing to do.  /
sv          A.131 utt3: {C And } [ there's a lot, + there's a  lot ] more, - /
sv          A.131 utt4:  I guess another possible solution is, since taxpayers aren't going to start paying more money for this  {C and, } {C and } other budgets aren't going to be cut to pay for it, {F uh, }   

aa          B.132 utt1:  # No.  # /  

+          A.133 utt1:  # more # of the volunteer network service. - /
sv          A.133 utt2:  {C Because } everyone gains from it. /  

b          B.134 utt1:  Uh-huh. /  

%          A.135 utt1:  Would be, - /
%         A.135 utt2: would, - /
sv          A.135 utt3: might be really useful.  /
sv          A.135 utt4:   {F Uh, } {C and } if it's,   <throat_clearing> {D you know, } {F uh, } just people  helping people I think [ makes, + <laughter> makes ] the community so much happier. /  

b          B.136 utt1:  Uh-huh.  /
sd          B.136 utt2:  What's so sad about this is both of [ the, + the ]  man and the woman had a degree having to do with computers  /
sd          B.136 utt3: {C but, }   

b          A.137 utt1:  # Uh-huh. # /  

+          B.138 utt1:  # their # training isn't what we need in this country. /  

b          A.139 utt1:  Yes. /  

sd          B.140 utt1:  {C And } because they're so deficient in English,  they haven't been able to get jobs. /  

b          A.141 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.141 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.142 utt1:  {C So } they'll have to go back and get a degree here.    {D You know, } almost start all over. /  

aa          A.143 utt1:  Yes,  /
aa^r          A.143 utt2: yes,  /
sd          A.143 utt3: I've known people with effectively worthless degrees in this country.  {E I mean, }  /
sd          A.143 utt4: {C and } they're highly educated  people,  /
sd          A.143 utt5: {C but } of course, if you're educated and you don't speak English, no one thinks anything of you. /  

aa          B.144 utt1:  No,  /
aa^r          B.144 utt2: no.  /
sd          B.144 utt3:  {C And } this woman was, {F uh, }  stocking the shelves in a drugstore. /  

b          A.145 utt1:  Uh-huh,  /
b^r          A.145 utt2: uh-huh. /  

sd          B.146 utt1:  <Sigh> I feel sorry for her. /  

aa          @@A.147 utt1:  Yeah,  /
sd          @@A.147 utt2: I do too.  /
fc          @@A.147 utt3: {D Well, } It's been good talking with you. /  

ft          B.148 utt1:  {D Well, } thank you. /  

fc          A.149 utt1:  {F Uh, } okay. /  

fc          B.150 utt1:  Have a good night. /  

fc          A.151 utt1:  Okay,  /
sd          A.151 utt2: it does sound like you have some children  to take care of <laughter>. /  

aa          B.152 utt1:  Okay.  /
aa          B.152 utt2: Yes,  /
sd          B.152 utt3: I do <laughter>. /  

b          A.153 utt1:  {F Uh, } Okay,  /
fc          A.153 utt2: bye-bye. /  

fc          B.154 utt1:  Okay,  /
fc          B.154 utt2: Bye. / 

