In descending order of Year 2000 funding ($ US*)
|
|
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
|
|
Total |
721,013,151 |
1,141,497,345 |
1,805,325,883 |
|
|
National
Human Genome Research Institute, NIH (USA) |
210,891,000 |
270,733,000 |
326,391,000 |
|
|
Genome
Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Wellcome
Trust (UK) |
61,273,006 |
103,511,450 |
121,406,728 |
|
|
Science
and Technology Agency (Japan)## |
38,899,682 |
77,867,925 |
115,431,373 |
|
|
Biotechnology&Biol
Sci Res Council, UK |
64,417,178 |
97,709,924 |
110,091,743 |
|
|
European
Commission |
23,479,189 |
104,602,510 |
108,459,870 |
|
|
National
Science Foundation, USA |
68,000,000 |
75,000,000 |
92,000,000 |
|
|
US
Department of Energy |
85,500,000 |
89,800,000 |
88,900,000 |
|
|
Ministry
of Education, Sports, and Culture (Japan)## |
31,025,468 |
31,427,673 |
84,398,693 |
|
|
German
microbial genomes&proteomics# |
|
|
80,000,000 |
|
|
Ministry
of Economy, Trade and Industy (Japan)^ |
17,354,305 |
17,081,761 |
72,908,497 |
|
|
Ministry
of Health and Welfare (Japan) |
16,474,026 |
16,094,340 |
65,359,477 |
|
|
Netherlands
genomics research# |
|
40,000,000 |
60,000,000 |
|
|
American
Cancer Society (USA) |
|
50,000,000 |
50,000,000 |
|
|
Knut
and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (Sweden) |
5,000,000 |
11,000,000 |
35,000,000 |
|
|
GenHomme
Program, France# |
|
|
26,000,000 |
|
|
German
Human Genome Project |
19,900,498 |
20,202,020 |
23,195,876 |
|
|
The
SNP Consortium |
|
28,000,000 |
22,000,000 |
|
|
Cancer
Genome Anatomy Program (NCI, NIH, USA)** |
7,000,000 |
11,300,000 |
21,800,000 |
|
|
Howard
Hughes Medical Institute (USA) |
20,000,000 |
20,000,000 |
20,000,000 |
|
|
Kazusa
DNA Research Institute (Japan) |
14,800,000 |
14,500,000 |
14,400,000 |
|
|
Imperial
Cancer Research Fund (UK) |
|
|
12,894,495 |
|
|
Assoc
contre les Myopathies (France)# |
|
|
9,200,000 |
|
|
Centre
National de Sequencage Genoscope (France) |
4,522,388 |
7,435,897 |
8,961,832 |
|
|
Russian
Genome Program^^ |
2,783,100 |
5,382,471 |
8,286,800 |
|
|
Korea
Research Institute of Bioscience~ |
|
|
8,000,000 |
|
|
Nat
Center for Biotech Info, Nat Lib Med (NIH, USA) |
3,500,000 |
5,800,000 |
8,000,000 |
|
|
Merck
Genome Research Institute (USA)*** |
3,700,000 |
5,350,000 |
7,000,000 |
|
|
Estonia
Genome Foundation |
|
|
6,941,665 |
|
|
Ministry
of Science and Technology, China^ |
3,623,188 |
8,454,106 |
6,642,512 |
|
|
Canadian
Institutes of Health Research#$ |
|
3,331,794 |
5,925,620 |
|
|
National
Natural Science Foundation, China^ |
2,415,459 |
3,623,188 |
5,434,783 |
|
|
Flemish
Genome Initiative, Belgium |
5,000,000 |
5,100,000 |
5,200,000 |
|
|
Environmental
Genome Program (NIEHS, NIH, USA) |
|
5,189,000 |
5,008,000 |
|
|
Fondation
Jean Dausset-CEPH (France) |
6,316,916 |
5,603,448 |
4,956,616 |
|
|
US
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency |
|
|
4,000,000 |
|
|
National
Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH (USA) |
3,000,000 |
3,200,000 |
3,500,000 |
|
|
Australian
Genome Research Facility |
610,687 |
1,615,385 |
2,213,740 |
|
|
National
Academy of Sciences, China^ |
1,207,729 |
2,415,459 |
1,811,594 |
|
|
Program
in Medical Genomics, NHMRC (Australia) |
319,331 |
165,993 |
862,595 |
|
|
Swedish
Medical Research Council |
|
|
200,000 |
^*from Genome Canada 2000-2001 annual report
**Based on meeting with Robert Strausberg 7 September
2000. They include CGAP and the Genetic Annotation Initiative of NCI as well as
some NIAID and other institutes' funds for the Mammalian Gene Collection.
***Currency conversions made using Purchasing Power
Parity, per OECD figures Feb 2001 update (see
http://www.oecd.org/std/ppp/pps.htm, and PPP data table at p. 7 of
http://www.oecd.org//std/ppp1.pdf), except China (not an OECD member; used
UNSTATS currency conversion factor (exchange rate) instead.
#Data contributed by Manuel Hallen, European Commission,
using his currency conversions
##STA and MESC (Monbusho) unified in 2000 to become
Ministry of Education, Sports, Culture, Science and Technology (MEXT;
Monbokagusho), but genome program budgets are shown here carried over from
original ministries
^Data contributed by Huanming Yang, Director of the
Beijing Genomics Institute, 4 March 2001
#$Canadian Institute of Health Research figures from
Veeran-Anne Singh, 26 October 2001
^^Data (in $US) contributed by Andrei Mirzabekov,
Argonne National Laboraory (Illinois) and Englehardt Institute of Molecular
Biology (Moscow) 17 May 2001
***Merck's 1999 report on corporate philanthropy
specifies "genome research" at $3.7M for 1998. Figure for 2000 based on Mouse Genome
Sequencing Consortium funding [$6.5M;
http://www.mgri.org/grants.html#Consortium] and the Alliance for Cellular
Signaling [$500,000; http://www.mgri.org/grants.html#Southwestern] so a slight
underestimate, MGRI's two main grants; 1999 figure interpolated between 1998
and 2000 figures.
Government figures from Japan (STA, MESC/MEXT, MITI, and
MHW) forwarded by David Cyranoski, April 2001
~Budget figures on Korea from Robert Triendl and Renee
Yoon, "Growth of Genomics & Bioinformatics in Asia," Genetic
Engineering News 21 (15): 5051, Sept 1, 2001.
Updated December 7, 2001