2008-09-26

Additional charts

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Total CPU

avg(user) = 10.74    avg(sys) = 2.06    avg(idle) = 83.25    avg(iowait) = 3.74    avg(nice) = 0.00    avg(irq) = 0.01    avg(softirq) = 0.19

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU user time

avg(cpu0) = 17.97    avg(cpu1) = 11.55    avg(cpu2) = 10.42    avg(cpu3) = 9.94    avg(cpu4) = 7.07    avg(cpu5) = 8.92    avg(cpu6) = 10.15    avg(cpu7) = 9.91

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU nice time

avg(cpu0) = 0.00    avg(cpu1) = 0.00    avg(cpu2) = 0.00    avg(cpu3) = 0.00    avg(cpu4) = 0.00    avg(cpu5) = 0.00    avg(cpu6) = 0.00    avg(cpu7) = 0.00

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU sys time

avg(cpu0) = 1.81    avg(cpu1) = 2.68    avg(cpu2) = 2.33    avg(cpu3) = 1.91    avg(cpu4) = 1.60    avg(cpu5) = 1.85    avg(cpu6) = 2.22    avg(cpu7) = 2.02

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU idle time

avg(cpu0) = 76.48    avg(cpu1) = 76.83    avg(cpu2) = 79.40    avg(cpu3) = 86.96    avg(cpu4) = 90.22    avg(cpu5) = 87.99    avg(cpu6) = 81.12    avg(cpu7) = 87.03

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU iowait time

avg(cpu0) = 2.96    avg(cpu1) = 8.71    avg(cpu2) = 7.65    avg(cpu3) = 1.09    avg(cpu4) = 1.02    avg(cpu5) = 1.17    avg(cpu6) = 6.33    avg(cpu7) = 0.96

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU irq time

avg(cpu0) = 0.07    avg(cpu1) = 0.04    avg(cpu2) = 0.03    avg(cpu3) = 0.00    avg(cpu4) = 0.00    avg(cpu5) = 0.00    avg(cpu6) = 0.02    avg(cpu7) = 0.00

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Individual CPU softirq time

avg(cpu0) = 0.70    avg(cpu1) = 0.18    avg(cpu2) = 0.15    avg(cpu3) = 0.08    avg(cpu4) = 0.07    avg(cpu5) = 0.07    avg(cpu6) = 0.14    avg(cpu7) = 0.07

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Process CPU

avg(mailbox) = 10.10    avg(mysql) = 0.53    avg(convertd) = 0.04

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Process Total Memory

avg(mailbox) = 7322.43    avg(mysql) = 4415.90    avg(convertd) = 600.35

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Process Resident Memory

avg(mailbox) = 6945.00    avg(mysql) = 4203.58    avg(convertd) = 290.10

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Swap Activity

avg(swap in) = 0.02    avg(swap out) = 0.00

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Virtual Memory

avg(swapped) = 10.53    avg(free) = 154.59    avg(active) = 14137.22    avg(inactive) = 1208.78    avg(page cache) = 3463.98

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Context Switches

avg(context switches) = 13744.91

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Run/Blocked Process Queue Size, Load Average

avg(processes waiting for run time) = 1.22    avg(processes waiting for io time) = 0.53    avg(load average (1 min)) = 1.71

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Utilization

avg(sda) = 0.15    avg(sdb) = 0.00    avg(sdc) = 0.00    avg(sdd) = 1.88    avg(sde) = 0.00    avg(sdf) = 0.00    avg(sdg) = 1.86    avg(sdh) = 2.93    avg(sdi) = 4.68    avg(sdj) = 0.00    avg(sdk) = 3.12    avg(sdl) = 4.70    avg(sdm) = 0.00    avg(sdn) = 0.00    avg(sdo) = 0.00    avg(sdp) = 1.86    avg(sdq) = 0.00    avg(sdr) = 0.00    avg(sds) = 1.88    avg(sdt) = 2.96    avg(sdu) = 4.57    avg(sdv) = 0.00    avg(sdw) = 3.07    avg(sdx) = 4.70    avg(sdy) = 0.00    avg(dm-0) = 11.34    avg(dm-1) = 18.56    avg(dm-2) = 6.35

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sda

avg(sda read) = 19.81    avg(sda write) = 41.43

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdd

avg(sdd read) = 367.62    avg(sdd write) = 220.30

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdg

avg(sdg read) = 362.84    avg(sdg write) = 220.39

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdh

avg(sdh read) = 197.29    avg(sdh write) = 380.51

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdi

avg(sdi read) = 204.73    avg(sdi write) = 47.39

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdk

avg(sdk read) = 200.56    avg(sdk write) = 379.47

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdl

avg(sdl read) = 207.65    avg(sdl write) = 47.53

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdp

avg(sdp read) = 360.00    avg(sdp write) = 220.31

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sds

avg(sds read) = 364.14    avg(sds write) = 220.24

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdt

avg(sdt read) = 203.61    avg(sdt write) = 377.52

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdu

avg(sdu read) = 205.80    avg(sdu write) = 47.89

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdw

avg(sdw read) = 197.30    avg(sdw write) = 378.22

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdx

avg(sdx read) = 201.88    avg(sdx write) = 47.70

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/dm-0

avg(dm-0 read) = 798.77    avg(dm-0 write) = 1515.71

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/dm-1

avg(dm-1 read) = 820.05    avg(dm-1 write) = 190.51

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/dm-2

avg(dm-2 read) = 1454.60    avg(dm-2 write) = 881.23

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sda

avg(sda read) = 1.09    avg(sda write) = 2.99

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdd

avg(sdd read) = 3.32    avg(sdd write) = 1.45

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdg

avg(sdg read) = 3.29    avg(sdg write) = 1.40

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdh

avg(sdh read) = 7.59    avg(sdh write) = 14.06

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdi

avg(sdi read) = 7.92    avg(sdi write) = 2.01

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdk

avg(sdk read) = 7.65    avg(sdk write) = 14.07

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdl

avg(sdl read) = 7.88    avg(sdl write) = 2.07

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdp

avg(sdp read) = 3.31    avg(sdp write) = 1.45

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sds

avg(sds read) = 3.34    avg(sds write) = 1.40

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdt

avg(sdt read) = 7.82    avg(sdt write) = 13.92

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdu

avg(sdu read) = 7.79    avg(sdu write) = 2.09

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdw

avg(sdw read) = 7.67    avg(sdw write) = 13.89

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdx

avg(sdx read) = 7.84    avg(sdx write) = 2.08

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/dm-0

avg(dm-0 read) = 31.12    avg(dm-0 write) = 283.59

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/dm-1

avg(dm-1 read) = 32.54    avg(dm-1 write) = 47.63

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/dm-2

avg(dm-2 read) = 13.58    avg(dm-2 write) = 220.31

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Partition Throughput: /dev/sda1 mounted on /

avg(sda1 read) = 19.76    avg(sda1 write) = 40.63

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Partition Throughput: /dev/sda2 mounted on /usr/vice/cache

avg(sda2 read) = 0.04    avg(sda2 write) = 0.80

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Partition IOPs: /dev/sda1 mounted on /

avg(sda1 tps) = 11.28

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Partition IOPs: /dev/sda2 mounted on /usr/vice/cache

avg(sda2 tps) = 0.21

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Total file descriptors open

avg(file descriptors open) = 6399.86

Host zm02.stanford.edu: SOAP: Invocation Count: Summary

avg(ModifyContactRequest) = 1.33    avg(GetMsgRequest) = 21.82    avg(ConvActionRequest.!read) = 1.15    avg(MsgActionRequest.read) = 1.65    avg(GetAccountRequest) = 1.25    avg(ModifyTaskRequest) = 1.50    avg(FlushCacheRequest) = 1.00    avg(FolderActionRequest.delete) = 2.14    avg(DismissCalendarItemAlarmRequest) = 1.03    avg(GetAvailableCsvFormatsRequest) = 1.00    avg(MsgActionRequest.move) = 3.45    avg(ModifyAppointmentRequest) = 1.25    avg(GetMiniCalRequest) = 4.86    avg(MsgActionRequest.tag) = 1.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.read) = 1.27    avg(FolderActionRequest.color) = 3.75    avg(ConvActionRequest.!flag) = 1.14    avg(FolderActionRequest.!check) = 1.73    avg(CheckLicenseRequest) = 1.69    avg(SearchConvRequest) = 17.14    avg(ModifyIdentityRequest) = 1.00    avg(FolderActionRequest.read) = 1.88    avg(CreateFolderRequest) = 1.08    avg(GetAvailableSkinsRequest) = 1.05    avg(FolderActionRequest.trash) = 1.00    avg(SendInviteReplyRequest) = 2.02    avg(SetAppointmentRequest) = 1.08    avg(SetTaskRequest) = 4.00    avg(RestoreRequest) = 1.00    avg(GetFolderRequest) = 43.53    avg(SearchRequest) = 25.36    avg(SendMsgRequest) = 2.74    avg(GetContactsRequest) = 4.07    avg(AutoCompleteGalRequest) = 2.71    avg(ItemActionRequest.delete) = 1.67    avg(ConvActionRequest.tag) = 1.37    avg(GetAvailableLocalesRequest) = 1.00    avg(SaveRulesRequest) = 1.12    avg(ImportAppointmentsRequest) = 1.00    avg(GetAccountInfoRequest) = 1.00    avg(DeleteAccountRequest) = 1.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.!tag) = 2.00    avg(MsgActionRequest.delete) = 5.45    avg(CreateTaskRequest) = 1.83    avg(ConvActionRequest.delete) = 1.94    avg(NoOpRequest) = 20.90    avg(SearchGalRequest) = 1.64    avg(SyncRequest) = 13.54    avg(CreateMountpointRequest) = 1.14    avg(BackupQueryRequest) = 1.00    avg(ICalReplyRequest) = 1.10    avg(ConvActionRequest.move) = 1.56    avg(ModifyPrefsRequest) = 1.00    avg(GetInfoRequest) = 6.21    avg(MsgActionRequest.trash) = 1.48    avg(ConvActionRequest.trash) = 5.45    avg(MsgActionRequest.!read) = 1.67    avg(GetFreeBusyRequest) = 1.51    avg(MsgActionRequest.!flag) = 1.14    avg(ConvActionRequest.update) = 1.00    avg(GetRulesRequest) = 1.23    avg(EndSessionRequest) = 2.38    avg(FolderActionRequest.move) = 1.20    avg(FolderActionRequest.empty) = 1.09    avg(BrowseRequest) = 1.00    avg(CancelTaskRequest) = 1.67    avg(CreateTagRequest) = 1.00    avg(DelegateAuthRequest) = 1.00    avg(SyncGalRequest) = 1.03    avg(AuthRequest) = 5.57    avg(ModifySignatureRequest) = 1.00    avg(MsgActionRequest.update) = 2.27    avg(CreateAppointmentExceptionRequest) = 1.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.spam) = 1.16    avg(GetTaskRequest) = 1.50    avg(BackupRequest) = 1.00    avg(GetAppointmentRequest) = 56.19    avg(SaveDraftRequest) = 1.83    avg(ContactActionRequest.move) = 3.67    avg(GetIdentitiesRequest) = 1.00    avg(BackupAccountQueryRequest) = 1.33    avg(ConvActionRequest.flag) = 1.16    avg(GetPermissionRequest) = 1.00    avg(CreateAppointmentRequest) = 1.19    avg(CheckSpellingRequest) = 1.12    avg(CancelAppointmentRequest) = 1.88    avg(SearchCalendarResourcesRequest) = 2.01    avg(MsgActionRequest.flag) = 1.50    avg(FolderActionRequest.check) = 1.89    avg(GetQuotaUsageRequest) = 1.00    avg(CreateContactRequest) = 1.00    avg(FolderActionRequest.rename) = 2.50    avg(AddMsgRequest) = 1.23    avg(MsgActionRequest.spam) = 1.44    avg(ItemActionRequest.move) = 1.20    avg(GetDomainInfoRequest) = 6.62

Host zm02.stanford.edu: SOAP: Average Call Duration: Summary

avg(ModifyContactRequest) = 26.83    avg(GetMsgRequest) = 239.22    avg(ConvActionRequest.!read) = 17.45    avg(MsgActionRequest.read) = 68.75    avg(GetAccountRequest) = 2.12    avg(ModifyTaskRequest) = 56.17    avg(FlushCacheRequest) = 0.00    avg(FolderActionRequest.delete) = 17.29    avg(DismissCalendarItemAlarmRequest) = 22.85    avg(GetAvailableCsvFormatsRequest) = 0.06    avg(MsgActionRequest.move) = 758.06    avg(ModifyAppointmentRequest) = 536.62    avg(GetMiniCalRequest) = 1825.57    avg(MsgActionRequest.tag) = 15.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.read) = 25.20    avg(FolderActionRequest.color) = 18.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.!flag) = 19.33    avg(FolderActionRequest.!check) = 61.85    avg(CheckLicenseRequest) = 1.10    avg(SearchConvRequest) = 154.92    avg(ModifyIdentityRequest) = 9.50    avg(FolderActionRequest.read) = 32.38    avg(CreateFolderRequest) = 17.44    avg(GetAvailableSkinsRequest) = 0.19    avg(FolderActionRequest.trash) = 13.00    avg(SendInviteReplyRequest) = 420.78    avg(SetAppointmentRequest) = 70.95    avg(SetTaskRequest) = 89.38    avg(RestoreRequest) = 716059.67    avg(GetFolderRequest) = 22.63    avg(SearchRequest) = 384.36    avg(SendMsgRequest) = 704.89    avg(GetContactsRequest) = 27.61    avg(AutoCompleteGalRequest) = 2352.88    avg(ItemActionRequest.delete) = 83.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.tag) = 15.92    avg(GetAvailableLocalesRequest) = 4.59    avg(SaveRulesRequest) = 20.12    avg(ImportAppointmentsRequest) = 4347.00    avg(GetAccountInfoRequest) = 0.25    avg(DeleteAccountRequest) = 8691.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.!tag) = 16.00    avg(MsgActionRequest.delete) = 24.04    avg(CreateTaskRequest) = 43.67    avg(ConvActionRequest.delete) = 419.78    avg(NoOpRequest) = 0.00    avg(SearchGalRequest) = 6570.67    avg(SyncRequest) = 22.57    avg(CreateMountpointRequest) = 25.86    avg(BackupQueryRequest) = 980.20    avg(ICalReplyRequest) = 154.38    avg(ConvActionRequest.move) = 20.39    avg(ModifyPrefsRequest) = 8.47    avg(GetInfoRequest) = 20.02    avg(MsgActionRequest.trash) = 17.42    avg(ConvActionRequest.trash) = 377.84    avg(MsgActionRequest.!read) = 17.13    avg(GetFreeBusyRequest) = 4752.15    avg(MsgActionRequest.!flag) = 23.29    avg(ConvActionRequest.update) = 3.00    avg(GetRulesRequest) = 0.28    avg(EndSessionRequest) = 223.07    avg(FolderActionRequest.move) = 22.20    avg(FolderActionRequest.empty) = 1713.14    avg(BrowseRequest) = 147.00    avg(CancelTaskRequest) = 100.67    avg(CreateTagRequest) = 11.50    avg(DelegateAuthRequest) = 0.25    avg(SyncGalRequest) = 251020.46    avg(AuthRequest) = 13.96    avg(ModifySignatureRequest) = 6.00    avg(MsgActionRequest.update) = 122.11    avg(CreateAppointmentExceptionRequest) = 1551.00    avg(ConvActionRequest.spam) = 22.22    avg(GetTaskRequest) = 34.50    avg(BackupRequest) = 2822.50    avg(GetAppointmentRequest) = 287.04    avg(SaveDraftRequest) = 470.45    avg(ContactActionRequest.move) = 25.33    avg(GetIdentitiesRequest) = 1.00    avg(BackupAccountQueryRequest) = 252.67    avg(ConvActionRequest.flag) = 21.69    avg(GetPermissionRequest) = 0.00    avg(CreateAppointmentRequest) = 182.38    avg(CheckSpellingRequest) = 72.31    avg(CancelAppointmentRequest) = 347.97    avg(SearchCalendarResourcesRequest) = 5.51    avg(MsgActionRequest.flag) = 15.21    avg(FolderActionRequest.check) = 238.63    avg(GetQuotaUsageRequest) = 1345.50    avg(CreateContactRequest) = 50.29    avg(FolderActionRequest.rename) = 13.00    avg(AddMsgRequest) = 497.26    avg(MsgActionRequest.spam) = 25.78    avg(ItemActionRequest.move) = 24.60    avg(GetDomainInfoRequest) = 1.51

Host zm02.stanford.edu: MySQL: InnoDB Buffer Pool Pages

avg(pages read) = 819146.54    avg(pages written) = 809054.32

Host zm02.stanford.edu: MySQL: InnoDB Buffer Pool Hit Rate

avg(buffer pool hit rate) = 999.46

Host zm02.stanford.edu: MySQL: Database Connections

avg(connection pool size) = 1.33

Host zm02.stanford.edu: MySQL: Tables Open/Opened

avg(open_tables) = 500.00    avg(opened_tables (cumulative)) = 1971.06

Host zm02.stanford.edu: MySQL: Total Slow Queries Count

avg(slow queries (cumulative)) = 3985.29

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Connection Pool Get Latency

avg(mysql) = 0.35    avg(ldap) = 1.09

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Dirty Lucene Index Writers

avg(dirty index writers) = 99.35

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Lucene IndexWriterCache Hitrate

avg(cache hitrate) = 38.74

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Lucene IO

avg(Index writes) = 4196.18    avg(Index reads) = 5402.25

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: LMTP Delivery Throughput

avg(received) = 80.90    avg(delivered) = 81.96

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: LMTP Delivery Rate

avg(received msgs) = 1.10    avg(delivered msgs) = 1.10    avg(received x rcpts) = 1.10

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Add Rate (Delivery Rate)

avg(mailbox add rate) = 1.08

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Add Latency (Delivery Speed)

avg(mailbox add latency) = 575.91

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Request Rate by Client Protocol

avg(SOAP) = 3.38    avg(IMAP) = 28.14    avg(POP) = 5.96

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Response Time by Client Protocol

avg(SOAP) = 263.49    avg(IMAP) = 36.15    avg(POP) = 75.58

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Active Connections by Client Protocol

avg(IMAP) = 6.04    avg(IMAP SSL) = 590.81    avg(POP) = 0.01    avg(POP SSL) = 5.77

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Get Count

avg(mailbox get count) = 2274.92

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Get Latency

avg(mailbox get latency) = 0.18

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Cache Hit Rate

avg(mailbox cache hit rate) = 99.78

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Mailbox Item/Blob Cache Hit Rate

avg(msg blob cache) = 3576.44    avg(item metadata cache) = 3057.07

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Garbage Collection Time

avg(minor GC time) = 1.10    avg(major GC time) = 0.63

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: Garbage Collection Count

avg(minor GC count) = 5.09    avg(major GC count) = 0.14

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: JVM Heap Used

avg(total) = 3453.28    avg(PS Old Gen) = 2571.15    avg(PS Eden Space) = 791.52    avg(PS Survivor Space) = 90.61

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: JVM Heap Free

avg(total free) = 2662.86    avg(PS Old Gen free) = 1700.85    avg(PS Eden Space free) = 785.07    avg(PS Survivor Space free) = 176.94

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Mailboxd: JVM Permanent Generation and Code Cache

avg(PS Perm Gen) = 67.42    avg(Code Cache) = 35.91    avg(PS Perm Gen free) = 0.48    avg(Code Cache free) = 0.31

No data available for the following charts:

Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdb Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdc Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sde Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdf Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdj Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdm Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdn Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdo Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdq Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdr Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdv Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk Throughput: /dev/sdy Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdb Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdc Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sde Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdf Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdj Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdm Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdn Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdo Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdq Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdr Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdv Host zm02.stanford.edu: Disk IOPs: /dev/sdy

Summary