@article {cite-key,
	title = {A new secreted protein that binds to Wnt proteins and inhibits their activities.},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {398},
	number = {6726},
	year = {1999},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {431{\textendash}436},
	address = {Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.},
	abstract = {The Wnt proteins constitute a large family of extracellular signalling molecules that are found throughout the animal kingdom and are important for a wide variety of normal and pathological developmental processes. Here we describe Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1), a secreted protein that binds to Wnt proteins and inhibits their activities. WIF-1 is present in fish, amphibia and mammals, and is expressed during Xenopus and zebrafish development in a complex pattern that includes paraxial presomitic mesoderm, notochord, branchial arches and neural crest derivatives. We use Xenopus embryos to show that WIF-1 overexpression affects somitogenesis (the generation of trunk mesoderm segments), in agreement with its normal expression in paraxial mesoderm. In vitro, WIF-1 binds to Drosophila Wingless and Xenopus Wnt8 produced by Drosophila S2 cells. Together with earlier results obtained with the secreted Frizzled-related proteins, our results indicate that Wnt proteins interact with structurally diverse extracellular inhibitors, presumably to fine-tune the spatial and temporal patterns of Wnt activity.},
	issn = {0028-0836 (Print); 0028-0836 (Linking)},
	doi = {10.1038/18899},
	author = {Hsieh, J C and Kodjabachian, L and Rebbert, M L and Rattner, A and Smallwood, P M and Samos, C H and Nusse, R and Dawid, I B and Nathans, J}
}
