Polina Golland, PhD
Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
PI in the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Title: Learning to Read X-Ray: Applications to Heart Failure Monitoring
Abstract: We propose and demonstrate a novel approach to training image classification models based on large collections of images with limited labels. We take advantage of availability of radiology reports to construct joint multimodal embedding that serves as a basis for classification. We demonstrate the advantages of this approach in application to assessment of pulmonary edema severity in congestive heart failure that motivated the development of the method.
Baris Turkbey, MD, FSAR
Senior Clinician
Section Chief of MRI
Section Chief of Artificial Intelligence
Molecular Imaging Branch
National Cancer Institute, NIH
Title: Advanced Prostate Cancer Imaging
Talk Objectives:
- To discuss current status and limitations of localized prostate cancer diagnosis.
- To discuss use of artificial intelligence in diagnosis of localized prostate cancer.
- To discuss use of molecular imaging in clinical prostate cancer management.
Bio:
Dr. Turkbey obtained his medical degree from Hacettepe University in Ankara, Turkey in 2003. He completed his residency in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology at Hacettepe University. He joined Molecular Imaging Branch (MIB), National Cancer Institute, NIH in 2007. His main research areas are imaging of prostate cancer (multiparametric MRI, PET CT), image guided biopsy and treatment techniques (focal therapy, surgery and radiation therapy) for prostate cancer and artificial intelligence. Dr. Turkbey is a member of Prostate Imaging Reporting & Data System (PI-RADS) Steering Committee. He is the Director Magnetic Resonance Imaging section in MIB and the Artificial Intelligence Resource in MIB.
In Person at the Clark Center S360 – Lunch will be provided!
Zoom: https://stanford.zoom.us/j/99496515255?pwd=MHlXbXM2WXJULzZwemk1WjJHNFZOdz09
Anthony Gatti, PhD
Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Department of Radiology
Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance
Stanford University
Title: Towards Understanding Knee Health Using Automated MRI-Based Statistical Shape Models
Abstract: Knee injuries and pain are prevalent across all ages, with varying causes from “anterior knee pain” in runners to osteoarthritis-related pain. Osteoarthritis pain is a particular problem because structural outcomes assessed on medical images often disagree with symptoms. Most studies trying to understand knee health and pain use simple biomarkers such as mean cartilage thickness. My talk will present an automated pipeline for quantifying the whole knee using statistical shape modeling. I will present a conventional statistical shape model as well as a novel approach that uses generative neural implicit representations. Both modeling approaches allow unsupervised identification of salient anatomic features. I will demonstrate how these features can be used to predict existing radiographic outcomes, patient demographics, and knee pain.
Liangqiong Qu, PhD
Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Department of Biomedical Data Sciences
Stanford University
Title: Distributed Deep Learning in Medical Imaging
Abstract: Distributed deep learning is an emerging research paradigm for enabling collaboratively training deep learning models without sharing patient data.
In this talk, we will first investigate the use distributed deep learning to build medical imaging classification models in a real-world collaborative setting.
We then present several strategies to tackle the data heterogeneity challenge and the lack of quality labeled data challenge in distributed deep learning.
Archana Venkataraman, PhD
Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Boston University
Title: Biologically Inspired Deep Learning as a New Window into Brain Dysfunction
Abstract: Deep learning has disrupted nearly every major field of study from computer vision to genomics. The unparalleled success of these models has, in many cases, been fueled by an explosion of data. Millions of labeled images, thousands of annotated ICU admissions, and hundreds of hours of transcribed speech are common standards in the literature. Clinical neuroscience is a notable holdout to this trend. It is a field of unavoidably small datasets, massive patient variability, and complex (largely unknown) phenomena. My lab tackles these challenges across a spectrum of projects, from answering foundational neuroscientific questions to translational applications of neuroimaging data to exploratory directions for probing neural circuitry. One of our key strategies is to integrate a priori information about the brain and biology into the model design.
This talk will highlight two ongoing projects that epitomize this strategy. First, I will showcase an end-to-end deep learning framework that fuses neuroimaging, genetic, and phenotypic data, while maintaining interpretability of the extracted biomarkers. We use a learnable dropout layer to extract a sparse subset of predictive imaging features and a biologically informed deep network architecture for whole-genome analysis. Specifically, the network uses hierarchical graph convolution that mimic the organization of a well-established gene ontology to track the convergence of genetic risk across biological pathways. Second, I will present a deep-generative hybrid model for epileptic seizure detection from scalp EEG. The latent variables in this model capture the spatiotemporal spread of a seizure; they are complemented by a nonparametric likelihood based on convolutional neural networks. I will also highlight our current end-to-end extensions of this work focused on seizure onset localization. Finally, I will conclude with exciting future directions for our work across the foundational, translational, and exploratory axes.
Andrew Janowczyk, PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Emory University
Title: Computational Pathology: Towards Precision Medicine
Abstract:
Roughly 40% of the population will be diagnosed with some form of cancer in their lifetime. In a large majority of these cases, a definitive cancer diagnosis is only possible via histopathologic confirmation on a tissue slide. With the increasing popularity of the digitization of pathology slides, a wealth of new untapped data is now regularly being created.
Computational analysis of these routinely captured H&E slides is facilitating the creation of diagnostic tools for tasks such as disease identification and grading. Further, by identifying patterns of disease presentation across large cohorts of retrospectively analyzed patients, new insights for predicting prognosis and therapy response are possible [1,2]. Such biomarkers, derived from inexpensive histology slides, stand to improve the standard of care for all patient populations, especially where expensive genomic testing may not be readily available. Moreover, since numerous other diseases and disorders, such as oncoming clinical heart failure [3], are similarly diagnosed via pathology slides, those patients also stand to benefit from these same technological advances in the digital pathology space.
This talk will discuss our research aimed towards reaching the goal of precision medicine, wherein patients receive optimized treatment based on historical evidence. The talk discusses how the applications of deep learning in this domain are significantly improving the efficiency and robustness of these models [4]. Numerous challenges remain, though, especially in the context of quality control and annotation gathering. This talk further introduces the audience to open-source tools being developed and deployed to meet these pressing needs, including quality control (histoqc.com [5]), annotation (quickannotator.com), labeling (patchsorter.com), validation (cohortfinder.com).
Melissa McCradden, PhD
John and Melinda Thompson Director of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Integration Lead, AI in Medicine Initiative
Bioethicist, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids)
Associate Scientist, Genetics & Genome Biology
Assistant Professor, Dalla Lana School of Public Health
Title: What Makes a ‘Good’ Decision? An Empirical Bioethics Study of Using AI at the Bedside
Abstract: This presentation will identify the gap between AI accuracy and making good clinical decisions. I will present a study where we develop an ethical framework for clinical decision-making that can help clinicians meet medicolegal and ethical standards when using AI that does not rely on explainability, nor perfect accuracy of the model.