PHIND Seminar Series: Towards precision diagnostic and prediction of food allergy
Sindy KY Tang, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Senior Fellow at the Woods Institute for the Environment and Professor, by courtesy, of Radiology – PHIND Center
Stanford University
Location: Zoom
Webinar URL: https://stanford.zoom.us/s/91932966334
Dial: US: +1 650 724 9799 or +1 833 302 1536 (Toll Free)
Webinar ID: 919 3296 6334
Passcode: 383071
11:00am – 12:00pm Seminar & Discussion
RSVP Here
ABSTRACT
Food allergy has reached epidemic proportions. Accurate in vitro methods that are efficient and easy to use to identify offending food allergens are lacking. Oral food challenge, the gold standard for food allergy assessment, is often not performed as it places the patient at risk of anaphylaxis. As such, food allergy is often identified only after an adverse reaction that could be life-threatening. Our long-term goal is to develop a food allergy diagnostic test that is accurate, safe, rapid, and accessible, so that food allergy can be easily identified prior to the occurrence of an adverse reaction, and that the efficacy of immunotherapy for food allergy can be tracked more effectively. This talk will discuss our recent work on developing such a test. Our approach is based on the Basophil Activation Test (BAT), which measures the activation of basophils in whole blood after stimulation with specific food allergens ex vivo. The BAT has been shown to be highly predictive of allergic reactions. However, the need for flow cytometry has limited its broader use. We are developing a miniaturized, standalone version of the BAT. We envision that the test can be used at the point of care, such as the doctor’s office or at a local pharmacy.
ABOUT
Prof. Sindy KY Tang is the Kenneth and Barbara Oshman Faculty Scholar and Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering and by courtesy of Radiology (Precision Health and Integrated Diagnostics) at Stanford University. She received her Ph.D. from Harvard University in Engineering Sciences under the supervision of Prof. George Whitesides. Her lab at Stanford works on the fundamental understanding of fluid mechanics and mass transport in micro-nano systems, and the application of this knowledge towards problems in biology, rapid diagnostics for health and environmental sustainability. The current areas of focus include the flow physics of confined micro-droplets using experimental and machine learning methods, interfacial mass transport and self-assembly, and ultrahigh throughput opto-microfluidic systems for disease diagnostics, water and energy sustainability, and single-cell wound healing studies. She was a Stanford Biodesign Faculty Fellow in 2018. Dr. Tang’s work has been recognized by multiple awards including the NSF CAREER Award, 3M Nontenured Faculty Award, the ACS Petroleum Fund New Investigator Award, and invited lecture at the Nobel Symposium on Microfluidics in Sweden. Website: http://web.stanford.edu/group/tanglab/
Hosted by: Garry Gold, M.D.
Sponsored by the PHIND Center and the Department of Radiology
MIPS Seminar Series: Predicting and Preventing Fetal and Neonatal Pathology: Looking Back and Looking Forward
David K. Stevenson, MD
The Harold K. Faber Professor of Pediatrics, Senior Associate Dean, Maternal and Child Health and Professor, by courtesy, of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
Zoom Webinar Details
Webinar URL: https://stanford.zoom.us/s/94584828060
Dial: +1 650 724 9799 or +1 833 302 1536
Webinar ID: 945 8482 8060
Passcode: 481874
12:00pm – 12:45pm Seminar & Discussion
RSVP Here
ABSTRACT
The importance of minimally invasive technologies for interrogating the fetus and newborn, as well as of knowing where a biologic system is headed, not just where it has been, when trying to predict and prevent acquired diseases, will be discussed. Examples of such technologies, such as trace gas analysis and optical reporting of biologic phenomena, and their application to model systems and the human newborn will be presented. The role of advanced computational approaches for the integration and interpretation of large amounts of data derived from these new measurement tools will be emphasized.
ABOUT
Dr. David K. Stevenson is the Harold K. Faber Professor of Pediatrics and has made many impactful contributions to the field of neonatology and pediatrics, including his seminal studies on neonatal jaundice, bilirubin production and heme oxygenase biology. As a neonatologist, his research has focused primarily on neonatal jaundice and more recently on the causes of preterm birth and its prevention. He has held numerous leadership roles at Stanford University School of Medicine, including Vice Dean and Senior Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. He is currently the Senior Associate Dean for Maternal & Child Health, the Co-Director of the Stanford Maternal & Child Health Research Institute, and the Principal Investigator for the March of Dimes Prematurity Research Center at Stanford University. Dr. Stevenson has received many awards, including the Virginia Apgar Award, which is the highest award in Perinatal Pediatrics, the Joseph W. St. Geme, Jr. Leadership Award from the Federation of Pediatric Organizations, the Jonas Salk Award for Leadership in Prematurity Prevention from the March of Dimes Foundation, and the John Howland Medal and Award, the highest award in academic pediatrics. He has served as the President of the American Pediatric Society. In recognition of his achievements, Dr. Stevenson is a member of the National Academy of Medicine.
Hosted by: Katherine Ferrara, PhD
Sponsored by: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford & the Department of Radiology
PHIND Seminar Series: Topic TBA
Christina Curtis, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Medicine (Oncology) and of Genetics
Stanford University
Location: Venue coming soon!
11:00am – 12:00pm Seminar & Discussion
12:00pm – 12:15pm Reception
RSVP coming soon!
ABSTRACT
Coming soon!
ABOUT
Coming soon!
Hosted by: Garry Gold, M.D.
Sponsored by the PHIND Center and the Department of Radiology
MIPS Seminar Series: Title TBA
Steven Paul Poplack, MD
Professor of Radiology (Breast Imaging)
Stanford University Medical Center
Location: Coming soon!
12:00pm – 12:45pm Seminar & Discussion
RSVP: Coming soon!
ABSTRACT
Coming soon!
ABOUT
Coming soon!
Hosted by: Katherine Ferrara, PhD
Sponsored by: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford & the Department of Radiology
PHIND Seminar Series: Male Infertility and the Future Risk of Vascular and CV Disease
Michael Eisenberg, M.D.
Associate Professor of Urology and, by courtesy, of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Stanford University Medical Center
Gary M. Shaw, Ph.D.
NICU Nurses Professor and Professor, by courtesy, of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Maternal Fetal Medicine)
Stanford University
Location: Venue coming soon!
11:00am – 12:00pm Seminar & Discussion
12:00pm – 12:15pm Reception
RSVP coming soon!
ABSTRACT
Coming soon!
ABOUT
Coming soon!
Hosted by: Garry Gold, M.D.
Sponsored by the PHIND Center and the Department of Radiology
MIPS Seminar Series: Title TBA
Matthew Bogyo, PhD
Professor of Pathology and of Microbiology and Immunology and, by courtesy, of Chemical and Systems Biology
Stanford University
Location: Coming soon!
12:00pm – 12:45pm Seminar & Discussion
RSVP: Coming soon!
ABSTRACT
Coming soon!
ABOUT
Dr. Bogyo received a B.Sc. degree in Chemistry from Bates College in 1993 and a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1997. After completion of his degree he was appointed as a Faculty Fellow in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Bogyo served as the Head of Chemical Proteomics at Celera Genomics from 2001 to 2003 while maintaining an Adjunct Faculty appointment at UCSF. In the Summer of 2003 Dr. Bogyo joined the Department of Pathology at Stanford Medical School and was appointed as a faculty member in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology in 2004. His interests are focused on the use of chemistry to study the role of proteases in human disease. In particular his laboratory is currently working on understanding the role of cysteine proteases in tumorgenesis and also in the life cycle of human parasites and bacterial pathogens. Dr. Bogyo currently serves on the Editorial Board of Biochemical Journal, Cell Chemical Biology, Molecular and Cellular Proteomics and is an Academic Editor at PLoS One. Dr. Bogyo is a consultant for several biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies in the Bay Area and is a founder and board member of Akrotome Imaging and Facile Therapeutics.
Hosted by: Katherine Ferrara, PhD
Sponsored by: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford & the Department of Radiology
Roxana Daneshjou, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor, Biomedical Data Science & Dermatology
Assistant Director, Center of Excellence for Precision Heath & Pharmacogenomics
Director of Informatics, Stanford Skin Innovation and Interventional Research Group
Stanford University
Title: Building Fair and Trustworthy AI for Healthcare
Abstract: AI for healthcare has the potential to revolutionize how we practice medicine. However, to do this in a fair and trustworthy manner requires special attention to how AI models work and their potential biases. In this talk, I will cover the considerations for building AI systems that improve healthcare.
Mildred Cho, PhD
Professor of Pediatrics, Center of Biomedical Ethics
Professor of Medicine, Primary Care and Population Health
Stanford University
Title: Facilitating Patient and Clinician Value Considerations into AI for Precision Medicine
Abstract:
For the development of ethical machine learning (ML) for precision medicine, it is essential to understand how values play into the decision-making process of developers. We conducted five group design exercises with four developer participants each (N=20) who were asked to discuss and record their design considerations in a series of three hypothetical scenarios involving the design of a tool to predict progression to diabetes. In each group, the scenario was first presented as a research project, then as development of a clinical tool for a health care system, and finally as development of a clinical tool for their own health care system. Throughout, developers documented their process considerations using a virtual collaborative whiteboard platform. Our results suggest that developers more often considered client or user perspectives after changing the context of the scenario from research to a tool for a large healthcare setting. Furthermore, developers were more likely to express concerns arising from the patient perspective and societal and ethical issues such as protection of privacy after imagining themselves as patients in the health care system. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis also revealed that developers made reflective/reflexive statements more often in the third round of the design activity (44 times) than in the first (2) or second (6) rounds. These statements included statements on how the activity connected to their real-life work, what they could take away from the exercises and integrate into actual practice, and commentary on being patients within a health care system using AI. These findings suggest that ML developers can be encouraged to link the consequences of their actions to design choices by encouraging “empathy work” that directs them to take perspectives of specific stakeholder groups. This research could inform the creation of educational resources and exercises for developers to better align daily practices with stakeholder values and ethical ML design.
Ifeoma Okoye MBBS, FWACS, FMCR
Professor of Radiology and Director
University of Nigeria Centre for Clinical Trials
College of Medicine, University of Nigeria
Title: Deepening Collaboration with Stanford & Pennsylvania, Toward Developing Joint Strategies to Close the ‘Cancer Care’ & ‘Clinical Trial Volume’ Gap in LMICs
Abstract
In this seminar I will be addressing the dire cancer survival outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with a particular focus on Sub-Saharan Africa. Cancer survival rates in Sub-Saharan Africa are alarmingly low. According to the World Health Organization, cancer deaths in LMICs account for approximately 70% of global cancer fatalities. In Nigeria, the five-year survival rate for breast cancer, one of the most common cancers, stands at a disheartening 10-30%, compared to over 80% in high-income countries. This stark disparity highlights the urgent need for sustained comprehensive cancer interventions in our region.
Here, I will discuss the pivotal role in the cancer control sphere, of a new software, ONCOSEEK, capable of early detecting 11 types of Cancers! It’s particular emphasis on the Patient Perspective, which aligns with our ethos of need for holistic patient care. In addition I will discuss recent developments on collaborative effort with the Gevaert lab at Stanford University and the University of Pennsylvania.
Sophie Ostmeier, MD
Postdoctoral Scholar
Department of Radiology
Stanford School of Medicine
Title: GREEN: Generative Radiology Report Evaluation and Error Notation
Abstract
Evaluating radiology reports is a challenging problem as factual correctness is extremely important due to the need for accurate medical communication about medical images. Existing automatic evaluation metrics either suffer from failing to consider factual correctness (e.g., BLEU and ROUGE) or are limited in their interpretability (e.g., F1CheXpert and F1RadGraph). In this paper, we introduce GREEN (Generative Radiology Report Evaluation and Error Notation), a radiology report generation metric that leverages the natural language understanding of language models to identify and explain clinically significant errors in candidate reports, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Compared to current metrics, GREEN offers: 1) a score aligned with expert preferences, 2) human interpretable explanations of clinically significant errors, enabling feedback loops with end-users, and 3) a lightweight open-source method that reaches the performance of commercial counterparts. We validate our GREEN metric by comparing it to GPT-4, as well as to error counts of 6 experts and preferences of 2 experts. Our method demonstrates not only higher correlation with expert error counts, but simultaneously higher alignment with expert preferences when compared to previous approaches.
Jeong Hoon Lee, PhD
Postdoctoral Researcher
Department of Radiology
Stanford School of Medicine
Title: Leveraging Patch-Level Representation Learning with Vision Transformer for Prostate Cancer Foundation Models
Abstract:
Recent advancements in self-supervised learning (SSL), emerging as an effective approach for imaging foundation models, enable the effective pretraining of AI models across multiple domains without the need for labels. Despite the rapid advancements, their application in medical imaging remains challenging due to the subtle difference between cancer and normal tissue. To address this limitation, in this study, we propose an AI architecture ProViCNet that employs the vision transformer (ViT) based segmentation architecture with patch-level contrastive learning for better feature representation. We validated our model in prostate cancer detection tasks using three types of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) across multiple centers. To evaluate the performance of feature representation in this model, we performed downstream tasks with respect to Gleason grade score and race prediction. Our model demonstrated significant performance improvements compared to the state-of-the-art segmentation architectures. This study proposes a novel approach to developing foundation models for prostate cancer imaging overcoming SSL limitations.