Captioned 41

#		Caption	Link to Butterflies of America	Latinized Name	Permission needed from
	Appendix 1. Examples of resemblances in taxonomic order. Please note: 1. Permission to use of these images will be sought pending your reactions. Upon receipt of high-res images from the photographers we will refine the black (or yellow) line around the portion of the wing that is of interest. 2. We are sending a wide array examples to make it easier for you to see the possible breadth of occurrance. 3. Clicking on the common name links you to a larger image on the Butterflies of America website. You'll need to click on your browser's upper left "back" arrow to return to this list. 4. A few butterflies here do not have a larval image below it (for a variety of reasons), a few have two, and one has a live adult image, as well. One of the Papilio images is used in our draft. 5. Captions describe our impression of the similarity between the adult and larva. 6. Click on "Dot Pattern" at the end of the list to link to a list showing examples with white spots along wing margins. Darryl Wheye and Paul Ehrlich May 23, 2015 s with white spots along wing margins. Darryl Wheye and Paul Ehrlich May 23, 2015
		Papilionidae
1	♀	The pink hindwing "larval band" resembles early instar larvae, which are gregarious. LS News:2006 (48:2).	Ruby-spotted Swallowtail	Heraclides anchisiades idaeus	© 2007 Andrew Warren
1 larva		Later instars are darker.	Ruby-spotted Swallowtail	Heraclides anchisiades idaeus	© Dan Hardy
2	♀	This example is from our text. The pale blue-green hindwing "larval band" ends with an orange spot that resembles the partially everted orange osmiteria that larvae display defensively. LS News: 2008 (50:3-4), 2006 (48:3), 1980 (22:1), 1974 (16:2.)	Eastern Tiger swallowtail link: scroll to second image	Papilio glaucous	© Jeff Peppin
2 larva		Instar not noted in photograph.	Eastern Tiger swallowtail	Papilio glaucous	© Michael Singer
3	♂	This butterfly may also be known as Heraclides rumiko. The white hindwing "larval band" ends in an orange crescent that resembles the partially(?) everted orange osmiteria that larvae display defensively.		Papilio rumiko	© 2014 Nick V. Grishin
3 larva		Instar not noted in photograph.		Papilio rumiko	© 2008 Bill Bouton
4	♀	The pink and white hindwing "larval band" slightly resemble the pink and white larval spines	Pink-spotted Cattleheart	Parides photinus	© 2008 David Robackerhttp
4 larva		Instar not noted in photograph.	Pink-spotted Cattleheart	Parides photinus	© 2009 Luc Legal, Jerome Labre & Oscar Dorado
		Pieridae
5	♂	Both the vental wing edges and the middle instar larvae are pale grayish green.	Queen Alexandra's Sulphur	Colias alexandra edwardsii	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
5 larva		Middle instar.	Queen Alexandra's Sulphur larva	Colias alexandra edwardsii	© 2010 Nicky Davis
6	♀	The pale orange “tip” of the forewing and the black mark on the interior edge resembles the color of the larva and its black eyes.	Sara Orangetip	Anthocharis sara thoosa	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
6 larva		First instar.	Sara Orangetip	Anthocharis sara thoosa	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
7	♂	Paul, we could drop this one since there are no photos of larvae. The wing margins show the white dot pattern seen in Danaiids and others. In this case the margins on the hindwing are broad enough to resemble a “larval band.” No photo of a larva is available.	Mexican Dartwhite	Catasticta nimbice nimbice	© 2010 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
		Lycaenidae
8	♂	There is a fairly strong resemblance between the color and shape of the larva and the hindwing “larval band”.	Deep-green Hairstreak	Theritas mavors	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
8 larva		Last instar.	Deep-green Hairstreak	Theritas mavors	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
9	♀	We did not find a photograph of the larvae, but the reddish orange aposematic "larval band" seems promising.	Hirsuta Hairstreak	Magnastigma hirsuta	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland and Andrew Warren
10	♀	The pale yellowish hindwing “larval band” resembles a larva. In some photos the larvae appear greener.	Sandia Hairstreak	Callophrys mcfarlandi	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
10 larva		Instar not noted.	Sandia Hairstreak	Callophrys mcfarlandi	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
11	♀	The orange-pink hindwing “larval band” resembles the larva, but some larvae photos show pale individuals.	Ellis' Blue	Euphilotes ellisii ellisii	© 2008 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland and Andrew Warren
11 larva		Instar not noted.	Ellis' Blue	Euphilotes ellisii ellisii	© 2011 Nicky Davis
12	♀	The orange hindwing “larval band” resembles prediapause 4th instar larvae.	Spalding's Blue	Euphilotes spaldingi spaldingi	© 2008 Todd Stout
12 larva		The 4th instar, prediapause larva is orangish-pinkish-reddish	Spalding's Blue	Euphilotes spaldingi spaldingi	© 2008 Todd Stout

		Riodinidae
13	♂	The aposematic orange-red hindwing “larval band” with black spots and white marks resembles, to a degree, a last instar black-spotted, greenish-orange larva.	Red-rimmed Euselasia	Euselasia pellonia pellonia	© 2014 Jim P. Brock
13 larva		Last instar is greenish-orange with black spots.	Red-rimmed Euselasia	Euselasia pellonia pellonia	© 2010D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
14	♂	Except for the orange patch near head, this otherwise black and white "ray" patterned adult resembles a last instar larva. Nijout identified this pattern as the “intervenous stripe system”.	White-rayed Metalmark	Hades noctula	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
14 larva		Last instar has long bristles and black/white "rays".	White-rayed Metalmark	Hades noctula	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
15	♂	The blackish blue ventral forewing has an aposematic yellow patch that resembles a last instar larva, minus the black dots.	Godart's Metalmark	Esthemopsis pherephatte pherephatte	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
15 larva		Last instar larvae are yellow with black spots.	Godart's Metalmark	Esthemopsis pherephatte pherephatte	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
16	♂	The black dorsal hindwing has an aposematic orange patch that resembles a penultimate instar larva.	Golden-banded Metalmark	Pirascca tyriotes	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
16 larva	♂	Penultimate instar.	Golden-banded Metalmark	Pirascca tyriotes	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
17	♂	The “larval band” is easy to see. It does not, however, resemble a larva. Click on Latin name for link to photos of larvae.	Molpe Metalmark	Juditha caucana	© 2008 Charles Bordelon
		Nymphalidae
18		BEGIN orange and black	Gulf Fritillary	Agraulis vanillae incarnata	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
18 larva		last instar orange and black	Gulf Fritillary	Agraulis vanillae incarnata	© 2010 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
19	♂	orange and black	Mexican Silverspot	Dione moneta poeyii	© 2010 Andrew D. Warren
19 larva		instar not noted. orange and black	Mexican Silverspot	Dione moneta poeyii	2005 Jim P. Brock
20		orange and black	Juno Longwing	Dione juno huascuma	© 2005 Kim Davis and Mike Strangeland
20 live		live--note the larval band	Juno Longwing	Dione juno huascuma	© 2009 Bill Berthet
20 larva		last instar orange and purplish with black spikes	Juno Longwing	Dione juno huascuma	© 2011 Kenji Nishida
21	♂	blackish dark brown and white	Pachinus Longwing	Heliconius pachinus	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
21 larva		third instar white, with black spikes and orange head and feet	Pachinus Longwing	Heliconius pachinus	© 2011 Rudy Dodero
22	♀	dark brown and white with red dots near body	Sara Longwing	Heliconius sara theudela	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
22 larva		thrd instar, white with black spikes	Sara Longwing	Heliconius sara theudela	© 2011 Rudy Dodero
23	♂	orange and black	Variegated Fritillary	Euptoieta claudia claudia	© 2007 Kim Davis and Mike Strangeland
23 larva		instar not noted. orange and white with black spikes	Variegated Fritillary	Euptoieta claudia claudia	© 2013 Bryan E. Reynolds
23 larva		alternative larva orange and white with black spikes	Variegated Fritillary	Euptoieta claudia claudia	© 2011 Berry Nall
24		pinkish, mauve, white and beige and rust	Tracta Sister	Adelpha tracta	c) 2011 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
24 larva		penultimate instar. Matches the adult relatively well	Tracta Sister	Adelpha tracta	c) 2011 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
25	♀	black and red and white and pinkish	Guatamalan Cracker	Hamadryas guatemalena marmarice	© Andrew D. Warren
25 larva		white and black and yellow	Guatamalan Cracker	Hamadryas guatemalena marmarice	© 2010 Jim P. Brock
26	♂	pink and black and white and al ittle blue		Perisama alicia	© 2012 Jean Claude Petit
27	♀	beige,brght orange and light orange, pale blue bits, black bits, light and dark brown	West Coast Lady	Vanessa annabella	© 2009 Andrew Warren
27 larva		instar not noted. Colors are light orange and black with grey hair	West Coast Lady	Vanessa annabella	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
28	♀	rust, bright orange, white, black, light brown/beige	Northern Buckeye	Junonia coenia coenia	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
28 larva		instar not noted. Colors are black, bright orange, white, rust	Northern Buckeye	Junonia coenia coenia	© 2007 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
28 larva		larval ventral surface more orange/rust	Northern Buckeye		© 2010 Jeff Trahan
29	♂	bright orange, light orange, white, brown	Puerto Rican Checkerspot	Atlantea tulita	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
29 larva		instar not noted. Colors are bright orange, black and black spikes	Puerto Rican Checkerspot	Atlantea tulita	© 2010 Alejandro Sanchez
30	♀	brown, white, cream and orange	Crimson-patch Checkerspot	Chlosyne janais janais	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
30 larva		instar not noted. Colors are white and black, with orange head and black spikes	Crimson-patch Checkerspot	Chlosyne janais janais	© 2014 Bryan E. Reynolds
31	♀	dark brown/black, white, light orange, bright orange, and white	Fulvia Checkerspot	Chlosyne fulvia coronado	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
31 larva		instar not noted. Colors include light orange, white, and black with bright orange head and black spikes.	Fulvia Checkerspot	Chlosyne fulvia coronado	© 2009 Kim Davis and Mike Strangeland
32	♂	light orange, bright orange, dark brown and cream	Dotted Checkerspot	Poladryas minuta minuta	© 2010 Andrew D. Warren
32 larva		instar not noted. Colors are orange and black with black spikes	Dotted Checkerspot	Poladryas minuta minuta	© 2011 Jim P. Brock
33	♂	brown, black, light orange and cream	Elada Checkerspot	Texola elada ulrica	© 2010 Charles Bordelon and Ed Knudson
33 larva		late instar. Colors include black, cream or white, light orange with black bristles	Elada Checkerspot	Texola elada ulrica	© 2010 Berry Nall
34	♀	larva early instar	Phaon Crescent	Phyciodes phaon phaon	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
34 larva		larva early instar	Phaon Crescent	Phyciodes phaon phaon	© 2011 Berry Nall
35		this group is very cryptic, but this red subspecies retains the larval outline		Zaretis pythagoras	© Luis Miguel Constantino
35 Ventral		here's the ventral side		Zaretis pythagoras	© Luis Miguel Constantino
36	♀	white with some black	White Morpho	Morpho polyphemus polyphemus	© 2010 Andrew D. Warren
37	♂	brown with bits of orange, black cream beige	Muripetens Calisto	Calisto muripetens	© 2014 Rayner Nunez --accents
37 larva		Instar not noted. Color matches adult brown	Muripetens Calisto	Calisto muripetens	© 2014 Rayner Nunez --accents
38	♀	beige with bits of orange, black	Sugar cane Calisto	Calisto pulchella pulchella	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
38 larva		Fifth instar. Color matches adult beige	Sugar cane Calisto	Calisto pulchella pulchella	© 2010 Andrei Sourakov
39	♀	brown. larval band rust, mauve, cream, eyespots black with white center	Red-bordered Satyr	Gyrocheilus patrobas tritonia	© 2009 Jim P. Brock
39 larva		Fifth instar resembles lghter portion of larval band	Red-bordered Satyr	Gyrocheilus patrobas tritonia	© 2009 Todd Stout
		Hesperiidae
40	♀	light mauve, rust, white, cream, beige	Gold-spotted Aguna	Aguna asander asander	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
40 larva		larva last instar. Color resembles light mauve of larval band, eyes reddish rust	Gold-spotted Aguna	Aguna asander asander	© 2011 D.H. Janzen and W. Hallwachs
41	♂	light grey and cream with bits of bown, white and bits of rust	Short-tailed Skipper (Northern Zestusa)	Zestusa dorus	© 2009 Andrew D. Warren
41 larva		penultimate instar. Color resembles light grey larval band, green (color of leaf) seems to show through skin, lines are pale yellowish, head is black with a rusty spot behind head	Short-tailed Skipper (Northern Zestusa)	Zestusa dorus	© 2010 Jim P. Brock
42	♀	brown, larval band lighter	Outis Skipper	Cogia outis	© 2009 Nick Grishin
42 larva		instar not noted. Color pinkish with green showing through skin, head dark rust, seen from a distance resembles adult larval band	Outis Skipper	Cogia outis	© 2010 Jim P. Brock
		lizard predation Are skippers basically palatable? Skipper prey is cryptic brown black light brown.	Juvenal's Duskywing	Erynnis juvenalis juvenalis	© 2008 Vitly harny
43	♂	dark brownish with whitish-very pale blue larval band	Cuban Sicklewing	Eantis papinianus	© 2009 Kim Davis, Mike Strangeland, and Andrew Warren
43 larva		5th instar. Color is light cream with bluish greenish showing through skin; two pale yellow stripes and cream colored head. 1st instar has dark head, no yellow and more cream.	Cuban Sicklewing	Eantis papinianus	© 2010 Andrei Sourakov
		possible cover image		Helicopis cupido incerta	© 2011 Kim Garwood