%merlin.mbs 2010-03-15 4.21a (PWD, AO, DPC)
%Control: key (0)
%Control: author (8) initials jnrlst
%Control: editor formatted (1) identically to author
%Control: production of article title (-1) disabled
%Control: page (0) single
%Control: year (1) truncated
%Control: production of eprint (0) enabled
\begin{thebibliography}{36}%
\makeatletter
\providecommand \@ifxundefined [1]{%
 \@ifx{#1\undefined}
}%
\providecommand \@ifnum [1]{%
 \ifnum #1\expandafter \@firstoftwo
 \else \expandafter \@secondoftwo
 \fi
}%
\providecommand \@ifx [1]{%
 \ifx #1\expandafter \@firstoftwo
 \else \expandafter \@secondoftwo
 \fi
}%
\providecommand \natexlab [1]{#1}%
\providecommand \enquote  [1]{``#1''}%
\providecommand \bibnamefont  [1]{#1}%
\providecommand \bibfnamefont [1]{#1}%
\providecommand \citenamefont [1]{#1}%
\providecommand \href@noop [0]{\@secondoftwo}%
\providecommand \href [0]{\begingroup \@sanitize@url \@href}%
\providecommand \@href[1]{\@@startlink{#1}\@@href}%
\providecommand \@@href[1]{\endgroup#1\@@endlink}%
\providecommand \@sanitize@url [0]{\catcode `\\12\catcode `\$12\catcode
  `\&12\catcode `\#12\catcode `\^12\catcode `\_12\catcode `\%12\relax}%
\providecommand \@@startlink[1]{}%
\providecommand \@@endlink[0]{}%
\providecommand \url  [0]{\begingroup\@sanitize@url \@url }%
\providecommand \@url [1]{\endgroup\@href {#1}{\urlprefix }}%
\providecommand \urlprefix  [0]{URL }%
\providecommand \Eprint [0]{\href }%
\@ifxundefined \urlstyle {%
  \providecommand \doi  [0]{\begingroup \@sanitize@url \@doi}%
  \providecommand \@doi [1]{\endgroup \@@startlink {\doibase
  #1}doi:\discretionary {}{}{}#1\@@endlink }%
}{%
  \providecommand \doi  [0]{doi:\discretionary{}{}{}\begingroup
  \urlstyle{rm}\Url }%
}%
\providecommand \doibase [0]{http://dx.doi.org/}%
\providecommand \Doi [0]{\begingroup \@sanitize@url \@Doi }%
\providecommand \@Doi  [1]{\endgroup\@@startlink{\doibase#1}\@@Doi}%
\providecommand \@@Doi [1]{#1\@@endlink}%
\providecommand \selectlanguage [0]{\@gobble}%
\providecommand \bibinfo  [0]{\@secondoftwo}%
\providecommand \bibfield  [0]{\@secondoftwo}%
\providecommand \translation [1]{[#1]}%
\providecommand \BibitemOpen [0]{}%
\providecommand \bibitemStop [0]{}%
\providecommand \bibitemNoStop [0]{.\EOS\space}%
\providecommand \EOS [0]{\spacefactor3000\relax}%
\providecommand \BibitemShut  [1]{\csname bibitem#1\endcsname}%
%</preamble>
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Paul}\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Steinwedel}(1953)}]{Paul1953}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.}~\bibnamefont
  {Paul}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {H.}~\bibnamefont
  {Steinwedel}},\ }\href@noop {} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal}
  {Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section A-A Journal Of Physical Sciences},\
  }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {8}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {448} (\bibinfo {year}
  {1953})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Rosenband}\ \emph {et~al.}(2008)\citenamefont
  {Rosenband}, \citenamefont {Hume}, \citenamefont {Schmidt}, \citenamefont
  {Chou}, \citenamefont {Brusch}, \citenamefont {Lorini}, \citenamefont
  {Oskay}, \citenamefont {Drullinger}, \citenamefont {Fortier}, \citenamefont
  {Stalnaker}, \citenamefont {Diddams}, \citenamefont {Swann}, \citenamefont
  {Newbury}, \citenamefont {Itano}, \citenamefont {Wineland},\ and\
  \citenamefont {Bergquist}}]{Rosenband2008}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {T.}~\bibnamefont
  {Rosenband}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~B.}\ \bibnamefont {Hume}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~O.}\ \bibnamefont {Schmidt}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.~W.}\ \bibnamefont {Chou}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Brusch}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {L.}~\bibnamefont {Lorini}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~H.}\
  \bibnamefont {Oskay}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~E.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Drullinger}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {T.~M.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Fortier}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~E.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Stalnaker}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.~A.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Diddams}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~C.}\ \bibnamefont {Swann}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {N.~R.}\ \bibnamefont {Newbury}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~M.}\ \bibnamefont {Itano}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Wineland}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.~C.}\ \bibnamefont {Bergquist}},\ }\href
  {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/319/5871/1808} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Science},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {319}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {1808} (\bibinfo {year} {2008})}\BibitemShut
  {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Nielsen}\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Chuang}(2000)}]{Nielsen2000}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.~A.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Nielsen}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Chuang}},\ }\href@noop {} {\emph {\bibinfo {title} {Quantum Computation and
  Quantum Information}}}\ (\bibinfo  {publisher} {Cambridge University Press},\
  \bibinfo {year} {2000})\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Blatt}\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Wineland}(2008)}]{Blatt2008}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont
  {Blatt}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont
  {Wineland}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v453/n7198/abs/nature07125.html}
  {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Nature},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {453}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {1008} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2008})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Staanum}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont
  {Staanum}, \citenamefont {Hojbjerre}, \citenamefont {Skyt}, \citenamefont
  {Hansen},\ and\ \citenamefont {Drewsen}}]{Staanum2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~F.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Staanum}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {K.}~\bibnamefont {Hojbjerre}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~S.}\ \bibnamefont {Skyt}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.~K.}\ \bibnamefont {Hansen}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Drewsen}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v6/n4/abs/nphys1604.html} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Nat Phys},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {6}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {271} (\bibinfo {year} {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Schneider}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont
  {Schneider}, \citenamefont {Roth}, \citenamefont {Duncker}, \citenamefont
  {Ernsting},\ and\ \citenamefont {Schiller}}]{Schneider2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {T.}~\bibnamefont
  {Schneider}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {B.}~\bibnamefont {Roth}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {H.}~\bibnamefont {Duncker}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.}~\bibnamefont {Ernsting}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont {Schiller}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v6/n4/abs/nphys1605.html} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Nat Phys},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {6}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {275} (\bibinfo {year} {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Chiaverini}\ \emph {et~al.}(2005)\citenamefont
  {Chiaverini}, \citenamefont {Blakestad}, \citenamefont {Britton},
  \citenamefont {Jost}, \citenamefont {Langer}, \citenamefont {Leibfried},
  \citenamefont {Ozeri},\ and\ \citenamefont {Wineland}}]{Chiaverini2005a}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Chiaverini}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~B.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Blakestad}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Britton}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~D.}\ \bibnamefont {Jost}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Langer}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibfried}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Ozeri}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Wineland}},\ }\href
  {http://www.rinton.net/xqic5/qic-5-6/419-439.ps} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {Quantum Information \& Computation},\ }\textbf
  {\bibinfo {volume} {5}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {419} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2005})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Kim}\ \emph {et~al.}(2005)\citenamefont {Kim},
  \citenamefont {Pau}, \citenamefont {Ma}, \citenamefont {McLellan},
  \citenamefont {Gates}, \citenamefont {Kornblit}, \citenamefont {Slusher},
  \citenamefont {Jopson}, \citenamefont {Kang},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Dinu}}]{Kim2005}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Kim}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont {Pau}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {Z.}~\bibnamefont {Ma}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {H.~R.}\ \bibnamefont {McLellan}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.~V.}\ \bibnamefont {Gates}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Kornblit}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {R.~E.}\ \bibnamefont {Slusher}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {R.~M.}\ \bibnamefont {Jopson}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {I.}~\bibnamefont {Kang}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Dinu}},\ }\href
  {http://www.rinton.net/xqic5/qic-5-7/515-537.pdf} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {Quantum Information \& Computation},\ }\textbf
  {\bibinfo {volume} {5}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {515} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2005})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Leibrandt}\ \emph
  {et~al.}(2009){\natexlab{a}}\citenamefont {Leibrandt}, \citenamefont
  {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Clark}, \citenamefont {Chuang}, \citenamefont
  {Epstein}, \citenamefont {Ospelkaus}, \citenamefont {Wesenberg},
  \citenamefont {Bollinger}, \citenamefont {Leibfried}, \citenamefont
  {Wineland}, \citenamefont {Stick}, \citenamefont {Sterk}, \citenamefont
  {Monroe}, \citenamefont {Pai}, \citenamefont {Low}, \citenamefont {Frahm},\
  and\ \citenamefont {Slusher}}]{Leibrandt2009}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~R.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Leibrandt}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Labaziewicz}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~J.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Clark}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont {Chuang}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Epstein}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Ospelkaus}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.~H.}\ \bibnamefont {Wesenberg}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Bollinger}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibfried}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Wineland}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Stick}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {J.}~\bibnamefont {Sterk}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {C.}~\bibnamefont {Monroe}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.~S.}\
  \bibnamefont {Pai}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {Y.}~\bibnamefont
  {Low}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Frahm}}, \ and\
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~E.}\ \bibnamefont {Slusher}},\ }\href
  {http://www.rinton.net/xxqic9/qic-9-1112/0901-0919.pdf} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {Quantum Information \& Computation},\ }\textbf
  {\bibinfo {volume} {9}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {901} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2009}{\natexlab{a}})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Stahl}\ \emph {et~al.}(2005)\citenamefont {Stahl},
  \citenamefont {Galve}, \citenamefont {Alonso}, \citenamefont {Djekic},
  \citenamefont {Quint}, \citenamefont {Valenzuela}, \citenamefont {Verdu},
  \citenamefont {Vogel},\ and\ \citenamefont {Werth}}]{Stahl2005}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont
  {Stahl}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {F.}~\bibnamefont {Galve}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Alonso}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont {Djekic}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {W.}~\bibnamefont {Quint}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {T.}~\bibnamefont {Valenzuela}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {J.}~\bibnamefont {Verdu}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {M.}~\bibnamefont {Vogel}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {G.}~\bibnamefont {Werth}},\ }\href
  {http://www.springerlink.com/content/x0cjpllk7gw5gmpx/} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {European Physical Journal D},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {32}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {139} (\bibinfo {year} {2005})}\BibitemShut
  {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Brewer}\ \emph {et~al.}(1992)\citenamefont {Brewer},
  \citenamefont {DeVoe},\ and\ \citenamefont {Kallnebach}}]{Brewer1992}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~G.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Brewer}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~G.}\ \bibnamefont {DeVoe}}, \
  and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Kallnebach}},\
  }\href {http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v46/i11/pR6781_1} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Physical Review A},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {46}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {R6781} (\bibinfo {year}
  {1992})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Olmschenk}\ \emph {et~al.}(2009)\citenamefont
  {Olmschenk}, \citenamefont {Matsukevich}, \citenamefont {Maunz},
  \citenamefont {Hayes}, \citenamefont {Duan},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Monroe}}]{Olmschenk2009}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont
  {Olmschenk}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~N.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Matsukevich}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.}~\bibnamefont {Maunz}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Hayes}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {L.-M.}\ \bibnamefont {Duan}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Monroe}},\ }\href
  {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/323/5913/486} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Science},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {323}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {486} (\bibinfo {year} {2009})}\BibitemShut
  {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Duan}\ and\ \citenamefont {Monroe}(2010)}]{Duan2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {L.-M.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Duan}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Monroe}},\
  }\href {http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/RevModPhys.82.1209} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Rev. Mod. Phys.},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {82}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {1209} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Clark}\ \emph {et~al.}(2009)\citenamefont {Clark},
  \citenamefont {Lin}, \citenamefont {Brown},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Chuang}}]{Clark2009}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~J.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Clark}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {T.}~\bibnamefont {Lin}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {K.~R.}\ \bibnamefont {Brown}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont {Chuang}},\ }\href
  {http://jap.aip.org/japiau/v105/i1/p013114_s1} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {Journal Of Applied Physics},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {105}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {013114} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2009})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Kim}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont {Kim},
  \citenamefont {Chang}, \citenamefont {Korenblit}, \citenamefont {Islam},
  \citenamefont {Edwards}, \citenamefont {Freericks}, \citenamefont {Lin},
  \citenamefont {Duan},\ and\ \citenamefont {Monroe}}]{Kim2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {K.}~\bibnamefont
  {Kim}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.-S.}\ \bibnamefont {Chang}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont {Korenblit}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Islam}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {E.~E.}\ \bibnamefont {Edwards}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Freericks}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {G.-D.}\ \bibnamefont {Lin}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {L.}~\bibnamefont {Duan}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {C.}~\bibnamefont {Monroe}},\ }\href@noop {} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
  {journal} {Nature},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {465}},\ \bibinfo {pages}
  {590} (\bibinfo {year} {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Deslauriers}\ \emph {et~al.}(2006)\citenamefont
  {Deslauriers}, \citenamefont {Olmschenk}, \citenamefont {Stick},
  \citenamefont {Hensinger}, \citenamefont {Sterk},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Monroe}}]{Deslauriers2006}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {L.}~\bibnamefont
  {Deslauriers}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont
  {Olmschenk}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Stick}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~K.}\ \bibnamefont {Hensinger}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Sterk}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Monroe}},\ }\href
  {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO%
000097000010103007000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
   {journal} {Physical Review Letters},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {97}},\
  \bibinfo {pages} {103007} (\bibinfo {year} {2006})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Labaziewicz}\ \emph {et~al.}(2008)\citenamefont
  {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Ge}, \citenamefont {Antohi}, \citenamefont
  {Leibrandt}, \citenamefont {Brown},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Chuang}}]{Labaziewicz2008}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Labaziewicz}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {Y.~F.}\ \bibnamefont {Ge}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.}~\bibnamefont {Antohi}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibrandt}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {K.~R.}\ \bibnamefont {Brown}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont {Chuang}},\ }\href
  {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO%
000100000001013001000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
   {journal} {Physical Review Letters},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {100}},\
  \bibinfo {pages} {013001} (\bibinfo {year} {2008})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Jackson}(1999)}]{Jackson1999}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Jackson}},\ }\href@noop {} {\emph {\bibinfo {title} {Classical
  Electrodynamics}}},\ \bibinfo {edition} {3rd}\ ed.\ (\bibinfo  {publisher}
  {John Wiley \& Sons, Inc., USA},\ \bibinfo {year} {1999})\BibitemShut
  {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Abramowitz}\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Stegun}(1964)}]{Abramowitz1964}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont
  {Abramowitz}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~A.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Stegun}},\ }\href@noop {} {\emph {\bibinfo {title} {Handbook of Mathematical
  Functions With Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables}}}\ (\bibinfo
  {publisher} {National Bureau of Standards},\ \bibinfo {year}
  {1964})\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Dehmelt}(1967)}]{Dehmelt1967}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {H.~G.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Dehmelt}},\ }\enquote {\bibinfo {title} {Radiofrequency spectrocopy of
  stored ions: I storage},}\ \ (\bibinfo  {publisher} {Academic Press, New
  York},\ \bibinfo {year} {1967})\ pp.\ \bibinfo {pages} {53--72}\BibitemShut
  {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Ghosh}(1995)}]{Ghosh1995}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~K.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Ghosh}},\ }\href@noop {} {\emph {\bibinfo {title} {Ion Traps}}}\ (\bibinfo
  {publisher} {Oxford University Press, New York},\ \bibinfo {year}
  {1995})\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Wesenberg}(2008)}]{Wesenberg2008}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~H.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Wesenberg}},\ }\href@noop {} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal}
  {Physical Review A},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {78}},\ \bibinfo {pages}
  {063410} (\bibinfo {year} {2008})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Seidelin}\ \emph {et~al.}(2006)\citenamefont
  {Seidelin}, \citenamefont {Chiaverini}, \citenamefont {Reichle},
  \citenamefont {Bollinger}, \citenamefont {Leibfried}, \citenamefont
  {Britton}, \citenamefont {Wesenberg}, \citenamefont {Blakestad},
  \citenamefont {Epstein}, \citenamefont {Hume}, \citenamefont {Itano},
  \citenamefont {Jost}, \citenamefont {Langer}, \citenamefont {Ozeri},
  \citenamefont {Shiga},\ and\ \citenamefont {Wineland}}]{Seidelin2006}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.}~\bibnamefont
  {Seidelin}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Chiaverini}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Reichle}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Bollinger}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibfried}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Britton}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {J.~H.}\ \bibnamefont {Wesenberg}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~B.}\
  \bibnamefont {Blakestad}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~J.}\
  \bibnamefont {Epstein}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~B.}\
  \bibnamefont {Hume}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~M.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Itano}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~D.}\ \bibnamefont {Jost}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Langer}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Ozeri}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {N.}~\bibnamefont {Shiga}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Wineland}},\ }\href
  {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PRLTAO%
000096000025253003000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
   {journal} {Physical Review Letters},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {96}},\
  \bibinfo {pages} {253003} (\bibinfo {year} {2006})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Wang}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont {Wang},
  \citenamefont {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Ge}, \citenamefont {Shewmon},\
  and\ \citenamefont {L.}}]{Wang2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {S.~X.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Wang}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Labaziewicz}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {Y.}~\bibnamefont {Ge}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Shewmon}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {C.~I.}\ \bibnamefont {L.}},\ }\href@noop {} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {arXiv:0912.4892v2}} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Keller}\ \emph {et~al.}(2004)\citenamefont {Keller},
  \citenamefont {Lange}, \citenamefont {Hayasaka}, \citenamefont {Lange},\ and\
  \citenamefont {Walther}}]{Keller2004}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont
  {Keller}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {B.}~\bibnamefont {Lange}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {K.}~\bibnamefont {Hayasaka}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.}~\bibnamefont {Lange}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {H.}~\bibnamefont {Walther}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7012/abs/nature02961.html;jsessi%
onid=1E6787C45FB44451CBF4C6309428D954} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
  {journal} {Nature},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {431}},\ \bibinfo {pages}
  {1075} (\bibinfo {year} {2004})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Herskind}\ \emph
  {et~al.}(2009){\natexlab{a}}\citenamefont {Herskind}, \citenamefont {Dantan},
  \citenamefont {Marler}, \citenamefont {Albert},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Drewsen}}]{Herskind2009a}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~F.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Herskind}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Dantan}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~P.}\ \bibnamefont {Marler}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Albert}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Drewsen}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v5/n7/full/nphys1302.html} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Nature Physics},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {5}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {494} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2009}{\natexlab{a}})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Leibrandt}\ \emph
  {et~al.}(2009){\natexlab{b}}\citenamefont {Leibrandt}, \citenamefont
  {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Vuletic},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Chuang}}]{Leibrandt2009a}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~R.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Leibrandt}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont
  {Labaziewicz}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {V.}~\bibnamefont
  {Vuletic}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Chuang}},\ }\href {http://prl.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v103/i10/e103001}
  {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Physical Review Letters},\
  }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {103}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {103001} (\bibinfo
  {year} {2009}{\natexlab{b}})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Dubin}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont {Dubin},
  \citenamefont {Russo}, \citenamefont {Barros}, \citenamefont {Stute},
  \citenamefont {Becher}, \citenamefont {Schmidt},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Blatt}}]{Dubin2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {F.}~\bibnamefont
  {Dubin}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Russo}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {H.~G.}\ \bibnamefont {Barros}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Stute}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {C.}~\bibnamefont {Becher}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {P.~O.}\ \bibnamefont {Schmidt}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {R.}~\bibnamefont {Blatt}},\ }\href
  {http://www.nature.com/nphys/journal/v6/n5/full/nphys1627.html} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Nat Phys},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {6}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {350} (\bibinfo {year} {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Berkeland}\ \emph {et~al.}(1998)\citenamefont
  {Berkeland}, \citenamefont {Miller}, \citenamefont {Bergquist}, \citenamefont
  {Itano},\ and\ \citenamefont {Wineland}}]{Berkeland1998}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Berkeland}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~D.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Miller}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~C.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Bergquist}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~M.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Itano}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Wineland}},\ }\href
  {http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=13&sid=5044e7d6-b010-4e74-8%
ce0-f132b305ba13%40sessionmgr3} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal}
  {Journal Of Applied Physics},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {83}},\ \bibinfo
  {pages} {5025} (\bibinfo {year} {1998})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Herskind}\ \emph
  {et~al.}(2009){\natexlab{b}}\citenamefont {Herskind}, \citenamefont {Dantan},
  \citenamefont {Albert}, \citenamefont {Marler},\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Drewsen}}]{Herskind2009}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~F.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Herskind}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Dantan}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Albert}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.~P.}\ \bibnamefont {Marler}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont {Drewsen}},\ }\href
  {http://iopscience.iop.org/0953-4075/42/15/154008/} {\bibfield  {journal}
  {\bibinfo  {journal} {Journal Of Physics B-Atomic Molecular And Optical
  Physics},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {42}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {154008}
  (\bibinfo {year} {2009}{\natexlab{b}})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Cetina}\ \emph {et~al.}(2007)\citenamefont {Cetina},
  \citenamefont {Grier}, \citenamefont {Campbell}, \citenamefont {Chuang},\
  and\ \citenamefont {Vuletic}}]{Cetina2007}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.}~\bibnamefont
  {Cetina}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.}~\bibnamefont {Grier}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Campbell}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.}~\bibnamefont {Chuang}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {V.}~\bibnamefont {Vuletic}},\ }\href
  {http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=PLRAAN%
000076000004041401000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=yes} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo
   {journal} {Physical Review A},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {76}},\ \bibinfo
  {pages} {041401} (\bibinfo {year} {2007})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {VanDevender}\ \emph {et~al.}(2010)\citenamefont
  {VanDevender}, \citenamefont {Colombe}, \citenamefont {Amini}, \citenamefont
  {Leibfried},\ and\ \citenamefont {Wineland}}]{VanDevender2010}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {A.~P.}\ \bibnamefont
  {VanDevender}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {Y.}~\bibnamefont
  {Colombe}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Amini}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibfried}}, \ and\
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Wineland}},\
  }\href@noop {} {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Physical Review
  Letters},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume} {105}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {023001}
  (\bibinfo {year} {2010})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Brown}\ \emph {et~al.}(2007)\citenamefont {Brown},
  \citenamefont {Clark}, \citenamefont {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Richerme},
  \citenamefont {Leibrandt},\ and\ \citenamefont {Chuang}}]{Brown2007}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {K.~R.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Brown}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.~J.}\ \bibnamefont {Clark}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Labaziewicz}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.}~\bibnamefont {Richerme}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {D.~R.}\ \bibnamefont {Leibrandt}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\ \bibnamefont {Chuang}},\ }\href@noop {} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Physical Review A},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo
  {volume} {75}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {015401} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2007})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Antohi}\ \emph {et~al.}(2009)\citenamefont {Antohi},
  \citenamefont {Schuster}, \citenamefont {Akselrod}, \citenamefont
  {Labaziewicz}, \citenamefont {Ge}, \citenamefont {Lin}, \citenamefont
  {Bakr},\ and\ \citenamefont {Chuang}}]{Antohi2009}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {P.~B.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Antohi}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Schuster}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {G.~M.}\ \bibnamefont {Akselrod}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Labaziewicz}}, \bibinfo {author}
  {\bibfnamefont {Y.}~\bibnamefont {Ge}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont
  {Z.}~\bibnamefont {Lin}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {W.~S.}\
  \bibnamefont {Bakr}}, \ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {I.~L.}\
  \bibnamefont {Chuang}},\ }\href {http://rsi.aip.org/rsinak/v80/i1/p013103_s1}
  {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Rev. Sci. Instrum.},\ }\textbf
  {\bibinfo {volume} {80}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {013103} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2009})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Berkeland}\ and\ \citenamefont
  {Boshier}(2002)}]{Berkeland2002}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.~J.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Berkeland}}\ and\ \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {M.~G.}\ \bibnamefont
  {Boshier}},\ }\href {http://pra.aps.org/abstract/PRA/v65/i3/e033413}
  {\bibfield  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Physical Review A},\ }\textbf
  {\bibinfo {volume} {65}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {033413} (\bibinfo {year}
  {2002})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\bibitem [{\citenamefont {Naegerl}\ \emph {et~al.}(1998)\citenamefont
  {Naegerl}, \citenamefont {Blatt}, \citenamefont {Eschner}, \citenamefont
  {Schmidt-Kaler},\ and\ \citenamefont {Leibfried}}]{Naegerl1998}%
  \BibitemOpen
  \bibfield  {author} {\bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {H.}~\bibnamefont
  {Naegerl}}, \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {R.}~\bibnamefont {Blatt}},
  \bibinfo {author} {\bibfnamefont {J.}~\bibnamefont {Eschner}}, \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {F.}~\bibnamefont {Schmidt-Kaler}}, \ and\ \bibinfo
  {author} {\bibfnamefont {D.}~\bibnamefont {Leibfried}},\ }\href
  {http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-3-2-89} {\bibfield
  {journal} {\bibinfo  {journal} {Opt. Express},\ }\textbf {\bibinfo {volume}
  {3}},\ \bibinfo {pages} {89} (\bibinfo {year} {1998})}\BibitemShut {NoStop}%
\end{thebibliography}%
