Biographies of John McCarthy
John McCarthy named and
helped pioneer the field of artificial intelligence. He led the development of
the LISP programming language to facilitate research in that field, initiated
the development of computer timesharing, which made interactive computing
practical for the first time and thus enabled the development of general
purpose computer networks such as the Internet. He was raised as a Communist
but eventually became a conservative Republican. He graduated from Caltech in
1948 then earned a PhD at Princeton University, came to StanfordÕs Math
Department for a time, then to Dartmouth, then M.I.T. and back to Stanford,
where his AI Project became part of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence
Laboratory (SAIL). He has received many honors for his outstanding innovations.
J. McCarthy, Memorandum to
P.M. Morris Proposing Time Sharing, 1959.01.01. This proposal to the MIT community initiated the creation
of several general purpose timesharing systems, which
enable the creation of the Internet.
N. Nilsson, John McCarthy,
1927-2011, a Biographical Memoir,
National Academy of Sciences, 2012. Reviews McCarthyÕs many accomplishments in
the field of artificial intelligence, which he named, and in other fields.
Celebration
of John McCarthy's accomplishments, held 25 March 2012, shows both text and video versions of talks about
his accomplishments.
L. Earnest, John McCarthy (1927-2011), December 2011. John McCarthy introduced the term
Òartificial intelligenceÓ to identify his principal interest and created the
LISP programming language to help develop that field. He also initiated the
mathematical theory of computation and the development of computer timesharing,
which was a necessary precursor of the Internet. He deservedly has been honored
by many national and international organizations.
L. Earnest, How John
McCarthy accidentally started uniting the World, March 2012, is a text version of one of the
Celebration talks discussing McCarthyÕs innovative idea on how to create general
purpose timesharing systems, which both greatly enhanced the efficiency of
program development and enabled the Internet to be created much earlier than
would otherwise have happened.
B. Meyer, John McCarthy, Nov. 7, 2011. A tribute article
P. McJones, History of LISP, 2012. A comprehensive review of the many branches
of the LISP programming language.
J. McCarthy, Soviet takeover of Czechoslovakia in 1968, Nov. 1, 1968. This handwritten letter to Lester Earnest describes a
turning point in John McCarthyÕs life.