Such expressions were relatively mild. In the United States denunciations of Mexicans as backward, racially inferior, and hopelessly unprogressive were commonplace. American governors and senators spoke as if military intervention by the United States was prerequisite of development.

Pletcher, Rails, Mines, and Progress, 37-49.

Hart, Empire and Revolution, 10-16, 31-34, 40-41, 37-39, 80.