David T. Canon and Charles Stewart III, "The Evolution of the Committee System in Congress," in Lawrence C. Dodd and Bruce I. Oppenheimer (eds.), Congress Reconsidered, seventh edition (Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, 2001), 176.

David T. Canon and Charles Stewart III, "Parties and Hierarchies in Senate Committees, 1789-1946," in Bruce I. Oppenheimer, (ed.), U.S. Senate Exceptionalism (Columbus: University of Ohio Press, 2002), 165, 170-71.