For other discussions of fixed costs, Josiah Quincy, "The Railroad System of Massachusetts: An Address Delivered Before the Boston Board of Trade, Nov. 10, 1866" (Boston: Mudge & Son, 1866), particularly 25.
Thomas McCraw, Prophets of Regulation: Charles Francis Adams, Louis D. Brandeis, James M. Landis, Alfred E. Kahn (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1984), 9-10.
Richard A. Posner, "Natural Monopoly and Its Regulation," Stanford Law 21 (Feb. 1969): 570.
John E. Clark, Railroads in the Civil War: The Impact of Management on Victory and Defeat (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press, 2001), 35-38.
Weber, Northern Railroads, 42-43.
Albert Fink, "The Railroad Problem and Its Solution," Argument before the Committee on Commerce of the U.S. House . . . , Jan. 14, 15, 16, 1880 (New York: Russell Brothers Printers, 1882), 49-51.