Alfred Chandler, The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1977), 90-109.
This account and what follows is drawn largely from Samuel Richey Kamm, "The Civil War Career of Thomas A. Scott," (Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, 1940).
See also, Robert C. Angevine, The Railroad and the State: War, Politics, and Technology in Nineteenth-Century America (Stanford, CA, Stanford University Press, 2004), 133-34.
Thomas Weber, The Northern Railroads in the Civil War, 1861-65 (New York: Kings Crown Press, Columbia Univ., 1952) 127-28.
Kamm, Civil War Career of Thomas A. Scott.
This argument while largely true had a caveat. A freight car on a long haul route would not be switched just once but potentially would be switched every one hundred miles or so at each divisional point.
William Z. Ripley, Railroads: Rates and Regulation (New York: Longmans, Green and Co., 1916), 101-103.
George H. Miller, Railroads and Granger Laws (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1971), 109.
For the Louisville and Nashville, see Maury Klein, History of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, (New York: MacMillan, 1972).