Human Values and the Design of Computer
Technologyedited by Batya Friedman
“Interesting and important … The chapter on computer bugs and accountability alone is worth the trip (or click) to the bookstore.” –Michael L. Gordon, Computing Reviews, September 1999
When we design and implement computer technologies, many of us focus on making a machine work—reliably, efficiently, and correctly. Rarely do we focus on human values. Perhaps we believe in value-neutral technology. Perhaps we believe that issues of value belong only to social scientists, philosophers, or policy makers. Neither belief is correct. In their work, system designers necessarily impart social and moral values. Yet how? What values? Whose values? For if human values—such as freedom of speech, rights to property, accountability, privacy, and autonomy—are controversial, then on what basis do some values override others in the design of, say, hardware, algorithms, and databases? Moreover, how can designers working within a corporate structure and with a mandate to generate revenue bring value-sensitive design into the workplace?
This volume brings together leading researchers and system designers who take up these questions, and more. Their responses, when situated within a larger conceptual framework, motivate the need to embrace value-sensitive design as part of the culture of computer science. Roughly half of the chapters are new material, and the remainder are reprints of pivotal articles from recent years
Batya Friedman is Associate Professor of Computer Science at Colby College and is codirector of The Mina Institute. Her areas of specialization include human-computer interaction and the human relationship with technology
- Acknowledgements
- Contributors
- Introduction
Batya Friedman
- Part I
Conceptualizing Human Values in Design
- 1 Bias in Computer Systems
Batya Friedman and Helen Nissenbaum
- 2 Accountability in a Computerized Society
Helen Nissenbaum
- 3 Disability, Inability and Cyberspace
John Perry Elizabeth Macken, Neil Scott, and Janice L. Mckinley
- 4 Do Categories Have Politics? The Language/Action Perspective
Lucy Suchman
- 5 Categories, Disciplines, and Social Coordination
Terry Winograd
- 6 Commentary on Suchman Article and Winograd Response
Thomas W. Malone
- 7 Social Impact Statements: Engaging Public Participation in Information Technology Design
Ben Schneiderman and Anne Rose
- Part II
Computers as Persons? Implications for Design
- 8 Computers Are Social Actors: A Review of Current Research
Clifford I. Nass, Youngme Moon, John Morkes, Eun-Young Kim, and B.J. Fogg
- 9 When the Interface Is a Face
Lee Sproull, Mani Subramani, Sara Kiesler, Janet Walker, and Keith Waters
- 10 ‘Social’ Human–Computer Interaction
Sara Kiesler and Lee Sproull
- 11 Reasoing About Computers As Moral Agents: A Research Note
Batya Friedman Lynette I. Millett
- 12 Interface Agents: Metaphors with Character
Brenda Laurel
- 13 Human Agency and Responsible Computing: Implications for Computer System Design
Batya Friedman and Perter H. Kahn, Jr.
- Part III
Practicing Value-Sensitive Design
- 14 Workplace Database Systems: Difficulties of Data Collection and Presentation
Harry Hochheiser
- 15 Eliminating a Hardware Switch : Weighing Economics and Values in a Design Decision
John C. Tang
- 16 Steps toward Universal Access Within a Communications Company
John C. Thomas
- 17 Social Choice About Privacy: Intelligent Vehicle-Highway Systems in the United States
Philip E. Agre and Christine A. Mailloux
- Name Index
- Subject Index
8/1/97
ISBN (Paperback): 1575860805 (9781575860800)
ISBN (Cloth): 1575860813 (9781575860817)
Subject: Computer Science; Technology--Social Aspects
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Distributed by the University of Chicago Press
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