Nonmonotonic reasoning is a subfield of Artificial Intelligence trying to find more realistic formal models of reasoning than classical logic. In common sense reasoning one often draws conclusions that have to be withdrawn when further information is obtained. The set of conclusions thus does not grow monotonically with the given information. It is this phenomenon that nonmonotonic reasoning methods try to formalize. This volume gives an overview on recent results in the field and points to relevant literature for further study.
This up-to-date survey of research in the area of nonmonotonic reasoning includes a concise description of the most influential nonmonotonic logics (e.g. circumscription, autoepistemic logic and default logic), a presentation of recent research in abduction, as well as an overview of semantics for logic programs with default negation. The primary goal of this volume is to make recent results in the field more accessible. An extensive bibliography is included.
Gerhard Brewka is a professor of intelligent systems in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Leipzig, Germany. Jürgen Dix is an assistant professor of computer science at the University of Koblenz, Germany. Kurt Konolige is a senior computer scientist at SRI International in Menlo Park, California.
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Foreward
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 The Major Applications Problems
- 1.2 How This Book Is Organized
- 2 Preference Logics
- 2.1 Closed-World Assumption
- 2.2 Circumscription
- 2.3 Preferred Models
- 2.4 Conclusion
- 3 Nonmonotonic Inference Relations
- 3.1 Structural Propertiesand Cumulativity
- 3.2 Logical Connectives and Rationality
- 3.3 Metatheoretic Closures and Conditional Logics
- 3.4 Conclusion
- 4 Consistency-Based Logics
- 4.1 Default Logic
- 4.2 Modal Nonmonotonic Logics
- 4.3 Maximal Consistency Logics
- 4.4 Implementations
- 4.5 Conclusion
- 5 Abduciton
- 5.1 Abduction in AI
- 5.2 Logic-Based Systems: Formulation
- 5.3 Assumption-Based Truth Maitenance
- 5.4 Abduction in Non-Horn Theories
- 5.5 Abduction, Minimization, and Default Logic
- 5.6 Conclusion
- 6 Semantics of Programs with Negation
- 6.1 Some Historical Remarks
- 6.2 Logic Programming Semantics
- 6.3 Nonmonotonic Reasoning Semantics
- 6.4 Conclusion
- 7 Nonmonotonicity in Logic Programming
- 7.1 Classical NML's versus NMR-Semantics
- 7.2 Classifying and Characterizing Semantics
- 7.3 Conclusion
- Epilogue
- Bibliography
- Index
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