The totals, 7,369,447 tons going west and 5,585,332 tons going east, are confusing because the combined figures are far short of the total of 22,824,299, and these lines were predominantly east-west lines, indicating less traffic going north/south.

Sixth Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for the Year Ending December 1, 1888 (Topeka, 1888), table III, p. 191.

For empties as a gauge of traffic, Second Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners of the Territory of Dakota for the Year Ending June 30, 1886 (Grand Forks: Plaindealer Book and Job Rooms, 1886), 207, 231, 271.