Perkins to Forbes, April 28, 1878, 3 F 3.23.3, J. M. Forbes, In-letters, private from C. E. Perkins, CB&Q.

Proctor, Not without Honor, 236.

Richard Overton, Perkins/Budd: Railway Statesmen of the Burlington (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1982), 44-45, 58-59.

Charles E. Perkins, Statement, Report of the U.S. Senate Select Committee on Interstate Commerce, 49th Cong., 1st sess. (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1886), 217, 221-22; Boyd to CPH, Jan. 8, 1885, CPH Papers, ser. 1, r. 39.

Gabriel Kolko long ago made the point that many railroad men favored federal regulation that would allow them to stabilize the industry.

Kolko, Railroads and Regulation, 1877-1916 (New York: Norton, 1970, orig. ed. 1965), 34-41.

Albro Martin, James J. Hill and the Opening of the Northwest (Minneapolis: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1991, orig. ed. 1976), 295.