New York Tribune, May 30, 1878, quoted in David Blight, Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory, (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 2001), 95.
Charles Francis Adams, An Autobiography, 1835-1915, with a Memorial Address Delivered November 17, 1915, by Henry Cabot Lodge (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916), 152, 154, 166, 195.
Edward Chase Kirkland, Charles Francis Adams, 1835-1915: The Patrician at Bay (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1965), 26-27.
Adams, Autobiography, 195.
Sandage writes quite astutely about failure in American life, but he is not concerned with the sense of failure expressed by the very rich and very powerful, such as Villard and Adams.
Mark Sandage, A History of Failure in America, (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 2005).
CPH to James Speyer, Dec. 16, 1899, CPH Papers, ser. 4, r. 1.
CPH, Autobiographical Sketch, by Charles Nordhoff, CPH Papers, ser. 4, r. 1