Craig Storti, The Incident at Bitter Creek: The Story of the Rock Springs Chinese Massacre (Ames: Iowa State Univ. Press, 1991), 59-66.
Peck, Reinventing Free Labor, is a superb account of contract labor.
Testimony of John C. Stubbs, Aug. 12, 1887, PRC, 6:3314-15.
For an extension of the anti-Chinese logic to Italians and French Canadians, "Cheap Foreign Labor," Union Pacific Employes Magazine, Feb. 1886, p. 9.
The 1880 census put the number of western railroad workers at 36,430, and the western railroads were really only getting started. Their number would increase sevenfold by 1905..
United States Census, 1880, Report of the Agencies of Transportation in the United States . . . (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1883), table VI, group VI, p. 277.