The generic cause of CTS is prolonged and/or repetitive pinching or squeezing of the median nerve. Any sort of swelling or displacement of structures within the carpal tunnel can cause pressure on the nerve. The median nerve is the most compressible structure passing through the carpal tunnel, and the size of the tunnel itself is rigidly fixed by the carpal bones and transverse carpal ligament. If swelling or displacement occurs in the tunnel, the median nerve is the only structure that can give to accomodate the changes. Such swelling or displacement can be the result of many different factors.
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