Adams to Merriman, Jan. 30, 1885, UP, PO, OC, vol. 27, ser. 2, r. 23.
Adams to CPH, Jan. 27, 1886, UP, PO, OC, vol. 33, ser. 2, r. 29.
Adams to Callaway, Dec. 23, 1884, UP, PO, OC, vol. 24, ser. 2, r. 21.
Charles Francis Adams, Charles Francis Adams, 1835-1915: An Autobiography (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916), 131.
Charles Francis Adams, Charles Francis Adams, 1835-1915: An Autobiography (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916), 129.
James McPherson, For Cause and Comrades: Why Men Fought in the Civil War (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).
Gail Bederman, A Cultural History of Gender and Race in the United States, 1880-1917 (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1995), 10-13.
For quote, Adams to Mrs. Mumford, June 15, 1888, UP, PO, OC, vol. 44, ser. 2, r. 39.
Bederman, Manliness and Civilization, 5-20.
Thomas Winter, Making Men, Making Class (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2002), 1-27, unlike Bederman, sees manhood as remaining dominant over manliness.