After the massacre there were 547 Chinese and 85 whites as the company concentrated all of its Chinese employees in Wyoming at Rock Springs for protection.
D. O. Clark to Bromley, Oct. 28, 1885, UP, RG 2361, box 21, Labor Disputes, Oct. 1885.
A. Dudley Gardner and Verla R. Flores, Forgotten Frontier: A History of Wyoming Coal Mining (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1989), 19-22.
On water, Adams to Callaway, April 26, 1886, UP, PO, OC, vol. 33, ser. 2, r. 28.
The best account of western coal mining is Andrews.
David A. Wolff, Industrializing the Rockies: Growth, Competition, and Turmoil in the Coalfields of Colorado and Wyoming, 1868-1914 (Boulder: Univ. of Colorado Press, 2003), 5-6, 21-22.
"A Plea for Free Labor," in Bromley, Chinese Massacre, 90.
Storti, Incident at Bitter Creek, 59-66.
Gardner and Flores, Forgotten Frontier, 27-29, 33-39.
Clark to Bromley, Oct. 28, 1885, Orr to Callaway, Oct. 30, 1885, UP, RG 2361, box 21, Labor Disputes, Oct. 1885.