John Joseph Wallis, Constitutions, Corporations, and Internal Improvements: American States, 1841-1852, (unpublished paper, April 2002), 1819.
This and the discussion that follows is from William R. Siddall, "Railroad Gauges and Spatial Interaction," Geographical Review 59 (Jan. 1969), 29-57.
Kamm, "The Civil War Career of Thomas A. Scott," 3-4 11-18.
Douglas E. Bowers, "Logrolling to Corruption: The Development of Lobbying in Pennsylvania, 1815-1861," Journal of the Early Republic 4 (Winter, 1983), 469-70.
Richard A. Posner, "Natural Monopoly and Its Regulation," Stanford Law 21 (Feb. 1969): 570.
Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer, Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War, 2 vols. (Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs, 1907), 1:51, 56-61, 101-2.
capital, Henrietta M. Larson, Jay Cooke: Private Banker (Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1936), 98.